Chapter 8: Skeletal System: The Axial Skeleton

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Across
  1. 3. transverse process of a vertebra that is an outgrowth of the neural arch on the dorsal side
  2. 6. having an egg equipped with an amnion
  3. 9. first cervical (neck) vertebra
  4. 11. diverse order of small to giant tetrapods—often considered primitive amphibians
  5. 12. genus of stem-tetrapod, among the first vertebrate animals to have recognizable limbs
  6. 15. a process of projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body
  7. 19. adjustment for vertical tilt
  8. 20. interarticular cartilage or bone between the sternum and each clavicle in many mammals
  9. 21. uppermost segment of the sternum of humans and many other mammals
  10. 25. australian lung fish
  11. 27. lobe-finned fish
  12. 29. A process on a vertebra that is essentially a vertebral rib
  13. 31. two legs
  14. 34. also known as dipnotetrapodomorphs
  15. 37. having two heads
  16. 38. set of twelve bones which form the protective 'cage'
  17. 39. dermal bones found in the ventral body wall of modern crocodilian and Sphenodon species
  18. 40. fast-moving and fairly agile predator due to its streamlined body and deeply forked tail
Down
  1. 1. diverse taxon of reptiliomorph tetrapods
  2. 2. ventral rib head
  3. 4. meaning "drawn-out face" because most of its skull was in front of its eyes
  4. 5. the lowest part of the sternum
  5. 7. was one of the first four-limbed vertebrates in the fossil record
  6. 8. unpaired segmental series of bones forming the body of sternum
  7. 10. include frogs, toads, salamanders, and newts
  8. 12. second cervical vertebra
  9. 13. condition in which vertebral centra and spines are single-pieced or fused
  10. 14. extinct genus of Chondrichthyans
  11. 16. fossa on the posterior median part of the neural arch of a vertebra (as of a snake)
  12. 17. interlocking bones that form the spinal column
  13. 18. a median bony element of the sternum of amphibians extending forward from the ventral ends of the precoracoids and bearing the episternum at its anterior end
  14. 22. supporting the muscle fibers of the myomeres
  15. 23. median process on the front part of the neural arch of the vertebrae of most snakes and some lizards
  16. 24. genus of arthrodire placoderm
  17. 26. a prehistoric cartilaginous fish genus
  18. 28. also called tuatara
  19. 30. amphibians that were well-adapted to life on land,
  20. 32. twisting
  21. 33. continuous rod of fiburus connective tissue
  22. 35. four-limbed animals
  23. 36. turtle shell