Chapter 8 Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 4. cell organelle consisting of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in a cell; the site of protein synthesis
  2. 6. relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain
  3. 7. specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a cell
  4. 8. the ________ reticulum is the internal membrane system in eukaryotic cells where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled
  5. 11. the cell _____ is a strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells (plants and bacteria)
  6. 14. unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus
  7. 15. an organ _______ contains groups of organs that work together to perform a specific function
  8. 22. water channel protein in a cell
  9. 23. organism whose cell contains a nucleus
  10. 24. cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
  11. 25. diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
  12. 26. process by which particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
  13. 28. the cell ______ says all living things are composed of cells, cells are basic units of structure and function, and new cells come from preexisting cells
  14. 29. group of similar cells that perform a particular function
  15. 30. the structure that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA
  16. 31. cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, protein, and carbohydrates
Down
  1. 1. when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
  2. 2. the _______ apparatus is the organelle in cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell
  3. 3. organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
  4. 5. when the concentration of two solutions is the same
  5. 9. in eukaryotic cells, all cellular contents outside the nucleus; in prokaryotic cells, all of the cell's contents
  6. 10. cell organelle that breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell
  7. 12. type of pressure that must be applied to prevent osmotic movement across a selectively permeable membrane
  8. 13. on or in a cell; a specific protein to whose shape fits a specific molecular messenger, such as a hormone
  9. 16. group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions
  10. 17. when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes
  11. 18. network of protein filaments in a eukaryotic cell that gives the cell its shape and internal organization and is involved in movement
  12. 19. process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
  13. 20. bilayer that is a flexible, double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane and forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings
  14. 21. the cell ______ is a thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
  15. 27. selectively ______ refers to a property of biological membranes that allows some substances to pass across it while others cannot
  16. 32. basic unit of all forms of life