Chapter 9 Vocabulary

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Across
  1. 1. The process of ______ moves new ocean floor along mid ocean ridges and slowly moves outward along ocean basins
  2. 6. ____ means all land
  3. 9. Long steep valleys that form in the deepest part of the ocean are ______
  4. 14. Arc shaped land chains of volcanic islands are _____ and are made of newly formed land
  5. 15. Boundaries that move away from each other are called ______ boundaries
  6. 18. When older parts of the ocean floor return to the mantle ____ occurs as the floor moves through trenches
  7. 19. _________ is a range of volcanic mountains within a continent produced in part by subduction
  8. 20. _____ are chains of mountains that extend through oceans
Down
  1. 2. A long canyon that forms a valley in the center of a mid-ocean ridge
  2. 3. The upwelling of mantle rock, known as _______, occur in hotspots and take on column shapes
  3. 4. ______ is the theory that Earth’s plates move slowly driven by the convection currents of the mantle
  4. 5. The gradual movement of the continents across Earth’s surface is ______ which was hypothesized by Alfred Wegener
  5. 7. Plate that grind past each other without breaking or building the lithosphere are _______ boundaries
  6. 8. ______ boundaries form where two tectonic plates move together
  7. 10. Sound navigation and Ranging stand for _____ and is a system of using sound wave to calculate distance
  8. 11. Lithosphere that slides into the asthenosphere near mid-ocean ridges is a result of ________ mechanics of plate motion mechanics
  9. 12. A rock has ______ if it acquires the same type of polarity as the Earth's magnetic field at that time
  10. 13. Broken pieces of the Earth’s lithosphere are _____
  11. 16. The continuous circular flow in a fluid, a ______, is due to differences in density in the fluid.
  12. 17. When dense oceanic lithosphere is pulled into the mantle is the _______ mechanism of plate motion mechanics