Chapter 9

4. when people began buying and selling goods rather than making them for their own use
5. Mexico gave the Rio Grande as a border for Texas and ceded New Mexico and California to the United States. The US gave $15 million to Mexico.
9. The belief that the United States’ destiny was to expand to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican territory.
11. Taylor he was a General that was given orders by Polk to march his men to the Rio Grande and blockade the river.
12. the economic system in which private businesses and individuals control the means of production
14. President of the United States. Wanted war with Mexico because he wanted to acquire as much land as possible.
15. a machine that carried messages tapped in code across copper wire.
16. One of the busiest and most well-known avenues of trade. Missouri traders would use this trail to obtain silver, gold and and furs.
17. a religious community group that played a large role in Western Expansion

1. Blacksmith who invented the first steel plow. It could slice through heavy soil much more easily than other plows.
2. provided various Native American nations control of the Central Plains, land east of the Rocky Mountains.
3. established the current borders of the lower 48 states
6. to incorporate into the United States
7. People believed that there was Gold in the waters of California so everyone flocked to California to find it. Unfortunately, not many found Gold.
8. raising one or two cash crops that they could sell at home or abroad
10. investors who risk their own money into new industries. They had a large risk but also a large profit if the company succeeded.
13. the prospectors who fled to California in 1849 to find Gold