Chapter Three: Culture Sociology Vocab

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Across
  1. 1. ideas about the nature of reality.
  2. 4. transmission depends heavily on the use of symbols.
  3. 5. generally inherited patterns of behavior.
  4. 8. a group of people who live in a defined territory & participate in a common culture.
  5. 9. different cultures have developed quite different ways to express universals.
  6. 13. rewards and punishments used to encourage conformity to norms.
  7. 14. rules that define behavior.
  8. 16. sanctions that can be applied by most members of a group.
  9. 17. the spread of cultural elements from one culture to another.
  10. 20. part of the dominant culture but differs from it in some important respects.
  11. 22. the creation of new cultural elements, including both objects and ideas.
  12. 23. better understanding of something already known
  13. 24. a subculture that's deliberately and consciously opposed to certain central beliefs or attitudes of the dominant culture.
  14. 25. groups that share a social characteristic like age, gender, or religion.
  15. 27. about how we relate to physical objects
  16. 31. making sure that materials are appropriate for the cultures for which they're intended.
  17. 33. involves beliefs, ideas, and knowledge.
  18. 34. norms of great moral significance and are vital to the well-being of society.
Down
  1. 2. sanctions that may be applied only by officially designated persons.
  2. 3. more than 70 common cultural traits that exist in all cultures.
  3. 6. things that stand for or represent something else.
  4. 7. refers to cultural patterns practiced by traditional groups, often in isolation.
  5. 10. people may judge others in terms of their own cultural standards.
  6. 11. refers to actual behavior patterns, which often conflict with their guidelines.
  7. 12. rules that cover customary ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving but lack moral overtones.
  8. 15. a norm so strong that its violation demands punishment by the group.
  9. 18. refers to cultural patterns that are widespread among a society's population.
  10. 19. biologically-inherited impulses to reduce discomfort.
  11. 21. refers to cultural guidelines publically embraced by members of society.
  12. 26. the feeling of surprise and confusion people may feel when they encounter cultural practices.
  13. 28. norms that are formally defined and informed by officials.
  14. 29. refers to the knowledge, language, values, customs, and physical objects that are passed from generation to generation among members of a group.
  15. 30. simple, biologically-inherited automatic reactions to physical stimuli.
  16. 32. broad ideas about what most people in a society consider to be desirable.