Chapter Three: Culture Sociology Vocab
Across
- 1. ideas about the nature of reality.
- 4. transmission depends heavily on the use of symbols.
- 5. generally inherited patterns of behavior.
- 8. a group of people who live in a defined territory & participate in a common culture.
- 9. different cultures have developed quite different ways to express universals.
- 13. rewards and punishments used to encourage conformity to norms.
- 14. rules that define behavior.
- 16. sanctions that can be applied by most members of a group.
- 17. the spread of cultural elements from one culture to another.
- 20. part of the dominant culture but differs from it in some important respects.
- 22. the creation of new cultural elements, including both objects and ideas.
- 23. better understanding of something already known
- 24. a subculture that's deliberately and consciously opposed to certain central beliefs or attitudes of the dominant culture.
- 25. groups that share a social characteristic like age, gender, or religion.
- 27. about how we relate to physical objects
- 31. making sure that materials are appropriate for the cultures for which they're intended.
- 33. involves beliefs, ideas, and knowledge.
- 34. norms of great moral significance and are vital to the well-being of society.
Down
- 2. sanctions that may be applied only by officially designated persons.
- 3. more than 70 common cultural traits that exist in all cultures.
- 6. things that stand for or represent something else.
- 7. refers to cultural patterns practiced by traditional groups, often in isolation.
- 10. people may judge others in terms of their own cultural standards.
- 11. refers to actual behavior patterns, which often conflict with their guidelines.
- 12. rules that cover customary ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving but lack moral overtones.
- 15. a norm so strong that its violation demands punishment by the group.
- 18. refers to cultural patterns that are widespread among a society's population.
- 19. biologically-inherited impulses to reduce discomfort.
- 21. refers to cultural guidelines publically embraced by members of society.
- 26. the feeling of surprise and confusion people may feel when they encounter cultural practices.
- 28. norms that are formally defined and informed by officials.
- 29. refers to the knowledge, language, values, customs, and physical objects that are passed from generation to generation among members of a group.
- 30. simple, biologically-inherited automatic reactions to physical stimuli.
- 32. broad ideas about what most people in a society consider to be desirable.