Chatper 12

5. workers' organizations that try to improve working conditions
8. the rapid growth in the speed and convenience of transportation
11. the tools used to produce goods or to do work
12. (1824) a Supreme Court ruling that reinforced the federal government's authority over the states
14. system developed by Alfred Lewis Vail for the telegragh that used a certain combination of dots and dashes to represent each letter of the alphabet
16. invented a large spinning machine called the water frame in 1769
18. a natural resource that replaced wood as the main source of power
19. the refusal of workers to perform their jobs until employers meet their demands

1. a period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in the mid-1700s
2. the efficient production of large numbers of identical goods
3. the first full-sized U.S. commerical steamboat, developed by Robert Fulton and tested in 1807
4. the use of waterpowered textile mill that employed young, unmarried women in the 1800s
6. a process developed by Eli Whitney in the 1790s that called for making each part of a machine exactly the same
7. a blacksmith that developed a steel plow in 1837 to replace the iron plow all his friends were using
9. system developed by Samuel Slater in the mid-1800s in which whole families were hired as workers and factory work was divided into simple tasks
10. a machine perfected by Samuel F.B. Morse in 1832 that uses pulses of electric current to send messages across long distances through wires
13. Elias Howe, a factory apprentice in Lowell, MA first invented this machine
14. a new harvesting machine that Cyrus McCormick developed in 1831
15. a small but powerful locomotive that Peter Cooper built in 1830
17. cloth items