Chem and Cells

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Across
  1. 5. acronym pairs of bases for DNA
  2. 7. chemicals composed of two or more different atoms held together by ionic or covalent bonds
  3. 10. radioactive iodine used to diagnose thyroid abnormalities
  4. 12. core of the atom
  5. 13. body fluid pH less than 7.35
  6. 15. used as a temporary "working copy" of a gene (portion of the DNA code)
  7. 16. negatively charged particle & orbits in energy levels around the nucleus (also equals the number of protons in neutral state)
  8. 18. heterogeneous mixture in which the suspended particles remain evenly distributed based on the small size and opposing charges of the particles
  9. 19. atoms or group of atoms with a positive or negative charge; charged particles and conducts current
  10. 20. enzymes that works only on specific substances (or substrate) and resembles this action
  11. 21. forms when two atoms share electrons to complete the energy level and thus become stable; stronger electrostatic bonds
  12. 24. elements that have a stable number of electrons in the outer level
  13. 25. the substance dissolved
  14. 26. building blocks of DNA and RNA
  15. 28. the study of drugs
  16. 29. shape of DNA
  17. 33. number equal to the number of protons in an atoms nucleus
  18. 36. anything that occupies space and has mass
  19. 38. sugar used in DNA
  20. 41. sugar used in RNA
  21. 42. are compounds that characterize living things
  22. 43. direct overall body structure and function because they direct the formation of structural and functional proteins
  23. 44. substance that shifts the H+/OH- balance in favor of H+
  24. 45. solution where the solvent is water
  25. 47. two monosacchrides
  26. 48. are proteins that accelerate chemical reactions and is essential in metabolism
  27. 50. emission of atomic particles from an isotope
  28. 53. the dissolving substance
  29. 55. a type of covalent bond where the electrons are shared unequally (between atoms)
  30. 58. deficiency of water in body
  31. 59. used as the cell's "master code" for assembling proteins; makes up the genetic code in the body
  32. 60. simple fat
  33. 62. forms when one atom transfers electrons to another atom; weak electrostatic bonds
  34. 63. atoms reach this stage when its energy levels are filled with electrons
  35. 65. form to make atoms more stable; energy that holds atoms together
  36. 66. a type of covalent bond meaning the electrons are shared equally (between atoms)
  37. 67. mathematical expression of relative H+ concentration in an aqueous solution
  38. 68. are saccharides or carbs, are sugars or starches; they are a major food source and a key form of energy for most organisms
  39. 69. a solution that has a high concentration of hydroxide ions
  40. 71. are compounds that separate into ions when put in a solution; also called ions
  41. 74. regions around an atoms nucleus where electrons orbit
  42. 75. positively charged particle & equals the atomic number
  43. 76. a blend of 2 or more substances that retain their individual identities
Down
  1. 1. substance that shifts the H+/OH- balance against H+; also known as alkaline
  2. 2. are structural materials of the body incl. muscle, bone and CT (contains the 4 elements)
  3. 3. generally solids that dissolve in a liquid
  4. 4. chemicals composed of two or more atoms held together with covalent bonds only; maybe be the same atom or different
  5. 6. "noble gases"; nonreactive elements like helium, neon and argon
  6. 8. measures the relative concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution
  7. 9. a solution that has a high concentration of hydrogen ions
  8. 11. smallest unit of elements & cannot be broken down
  9. 13. are "building blocks" of protein (covalently bond with each other)
  10. 14. an element that is all in organic compounds
  11. 17. number of electrons you can have in the first energy level
  12. 18. science that deals with the composition and properties of matter; helps understand the normal and abnormal functioning of the body
  13. 21. is where radioactivity is useful for in health care
  14. 22. a steroid found in all cells and derived from fat
  15. 23. heterogeneous mixture in which one substance is dispersed in another but will settle out unless constantly mixed (particles are large and heavy)
  16. 27. graphic tracings of the electric current generated by the heart muscle and brain
  17. 30. universal solvent; inorganic compound essential to life
  18. 31. mass is equal to the number of protons and neutrons combined
  19. 32. forms of an element that has the same atomic number but different atomic weight because of different number of neutrons
  20. 34. building blocks of carbohydrates
  21. 35. attraction between oppositely charged ions
  22. 37. are made up of 90% water
  23. 39. an element that is active in nerve impulse contraction and muscle contraction
  24. 40. makes up bodies cell membrane and contains phosphorous
  25. 46. the percentage of the 4 elements that make up the human body (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen)
  26. 49. used to maintain a relatively constant pH in body fluids and are critical to maintain homeostasis in terms of acid-base balance
  27. 50. unstable and radiate subatomic particles and or eletro magnetic waves (ex. gamma rays)
  28. 51. body fluid pH greater than 7.45
  29. 52. the atom that accepts an electron & becomes a negative
  30. 54. "strength"; the number of bonds an atom needs to fill its outermost energy level and become stable
  31. 56. acronym pairs of bases for RNA
  32. 57. another word for basic
  33. 61. the study of microscopic plants and animals
  34. 64. made from glycerol (fats)
  35. 70. uncharged particle in the nucleus
  36. 72. number if valence for every electron lost, gained or shared
  37. 73. the atom that donates an electron & becomes positive
  38. 74. number of electrons you can have in the second energy level