Chemistry

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Across
  1. 1. Substances capable of donating protons (H⁺ ions), typically characterized by a low pH, a sour taste, and the ability to turn litmus paper red.
  2. 5. The specific arrangement and types of elements or substances that make up a material, mixture, or compound.
  3. 9. A rapid chemical reaction between a fuel and oxygen, resulting in the release of heat, light, and the formation of carbon dioxide and water.
  4. 10. Pertaining to the properties and characteristics of individual building blocks of matter.
  5. 12. Mathematical representations of chemical reactions, showing the reactants and products involved.
  6. 13. A measure of the amount of substance in an object, often expressed in units such as grams or kilograms.
  7. 14. The forces that hold together two or more atoms, creating compounds or molecules.
  8. 18. A substance that combines more than one metal or mixes a metal with other non-metallic elements.
  9. 19. Alterations in the physical or chemical properties of substances, which can be classified as physical (no change in composition) or chemical (involving a change in composition).
  10. 20. The smallest units of compounds, formed when two or more atoms bond together.
  11. 23. Another state of matter, with a fixed volume but no fixed shape, where particles flow and are loosely packed.
  12. 24. The gradual degradation of materials, often metals, due to chemical reactions with their environment, resulting in the formation of compounds on the material's surface.
  13. 26. The new substances resulting from a chemical reaction, formed from the transformation of reactants.
  14. 27. A substance whos atoms all have the same number of protons
Down
  1. 2. The property of a material, particularly metals, that allows them to be drawn into thin wires without breaking.
  2. 3. Positively charged subatomic particles found in an atom's nucleus, contributing to its atomic number.
  3. 4. The state of matter with a definite shape and volume, where particles are closely packed and have limited mobility.
  4. 5. A distinct compound or substance
  5. 6. The substances that initiate a chemical reaction, undergoing transformation into products.
  6. 7. The biological process by which plants and certain microorganisms convert carbon dioxide and water into energy-rich molecules (glucose) and oxygen using sunlight.
  7. 8. A combination of different substances physically mixed together, without a chemical bond, which can be homogeneous or heterogeneous.
  8. 10. The fundamental building blocks of matter, consisting of a nucleus with protons and neutrons, orbited by electrons.
  9. 11. Subatomic particles with no electric charge, located in an atom's nucleus, contributing to its mass.
  10. 15. A homogeneous mixture of one or more substances (solutes) dissolved in a solvent, often with uniform properties.
  11. 16. One of the states of matter, characterized by particles with high energy and random motion, taking the shape of their container.
  12. 17. A process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances into another.
  13. 21. The reddish-brown substance formed on the surface of iron or steel when exposed to oxygen and moisture, primarily composed of iron oxide.
  14. 22. The quality of being shiny and reflective, often associated with materials like metals.
  15. 25. A category of elements known for their electrical conductivity, malleability, and often lustrous appearance.