Chemistry Midterm Vocab

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Across
  1. 2. A change that when it happens cannot be undone.
  2. 4. High-energy, super-heated gases that behave differently than normal gasses.
  3. 7. Has characteristics of both metals and nonmetals. Found b/w metals and nonmetals on table, less malleable but not brittle. Semiconductors of electricity.
  4. 10. ______ were made from elements coming together to be one.
  5. 12. The seven metric units.
  6. 22. closeness of measurements to the correct/accepted value.
  7. 24. closeness of the measurements taken at the same time
  8. 25. A group in the experiment that doesn’t change.
  9. 26. When elements are arranged in an increasing ¬¬¬¬¬¬¬________, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties.
  10. 27. Changes substance from 1 state to another
  11. 28. Amount of 3D space an object occupies.
  12. 30. A process of studying natural phenomea that involves making observations, forming a hypothesis, and performing an investigation which leads to the creation of theories and laws.
  13. 31. Average weight of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element.
  14. 33. The total number of protons and neutrons In the nucleus of an isotope.
  15. 35. Particles of pure energy with no mass and carry a quantum of energy.
  16. 36. Changing a substance from a liquid to a gas, and then back to a liquid. There is a separation of a mixture, but the composition of the substances does not change.
  17. 41. A spectrum that only contains certain colors/wavelengths.
  18. 42. A cloud of probability surrounding the nucleus in an atom where it has the highest probability of finding an electron.
  19. 44. a statement based on experimental measurements and observations
  20. 45. A technique used to separate components of a mixture in a gas or liquid phase using a solid that the mixture can pass through.
  21. 48. The ratio of a substance’s mass to the volume it occupies.
  22. 51. When an atom is at its lowest energy.
  23. 54. When you pour a mixture through a mesh, like filtered paper, and allow liquid to flow through and leave the solid behind.
  24. 56. Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons, but different number of atoms.
  25. 58. the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom
  26. 59. Atom with a charge
  27. 60. A change that happens when one chemical substance is transformed into one or more different substances. (Ex. When iron becomes rust)
  28. 61. a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.
  29. 62. The amount of something added or given in an experiment
  30. 66. A homogeneous mixture.
  31. 68. Measure of the amount of matter.
  32. 69. the science that deals with the materials of the universe and the changes that these materials undergo.
  33. 70. Definite volume, but it takes the shape of its container. Particles are close but move around.
  34. 71. when two elements combine with each other to form more than one compound
  35. 73. Things that remain the same throughout in an experiment.
  36. 74. A substance with constant composition- a pure element or pure compound.
  37. 75. How much of your results differs from the accept/true value.
  38. 76. we cannot know both the position and speed of a particle, such as a photon or electron, with perfect accuracy
Down
  1. 1. neutral subatomic particle that is a constituent of every atomic nucleus except ordinary hydrogen
  2. 2. The science that deals with the materials of the universe and the changes that these materials undergo.
  3. 3. Good electricity conductors, good conductor of heat. Is mostly solid at room temp. Is malleable, ductile, has high tensile strength, and most of these have silvery/grayish white luster.
  4. 4. Physical traits of something.
  5. 5. Most are gas at room temp. If solid, very brittle. Low conductivity of heat and electricity.
  6. 6. When light of a certain frequency (color) is shown on metals, the electrons of that metal will be emitted from the surface.
  7. 8. Description data (color, texture)
  8. 9. Something you need a special tool to see (like a microscope)
  9. 11. a strong attractive force between nucleons in the atomic nucleus that holds the nucleus together.
  10. 13. Numbered data (Weight, amount)
  11. 14. the action or process of observing something or someone carefully in order to gain information.
  12. 15. A change in somethings physical appearance.
  13. 16. A collection of atoms bonded together that behave as a unit
  14. 17. When an atom has a higher energy than its ground state.
  15. 18. when two elements combine to form two or more compounds, the mass of one element that combines with a given mass of the other is in the ratio of small whole numbers.
  16. 19. vertical columns
  17. 20. a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of every atom
  18. 21. The smallest substances that could not be naturally broken down.
  19. 23. horizontal rows
  20. 29. Making a number smaller so it is easier for reporting and calculations (ex. 1,700,000,000,000,000,000,000 molecules -> 1.7 x 10^21 molecules)
  21. 32. A statement that summarizes generally observed behavior.
  22. 34. A part of a universe a scientists attention is focused when making observations
  23. 37. Mathmatical technique that allows you to use unit to solve problems involving measurements.
  24. 38. ratio derived from the equality between two different units that can be used to convert from one unit to another.
  25. 39. anything that has mass and takes up space.
  26. 40. Something that helps explain phenomena and make predictions about observations
  27. 43. A characteristic of a substance that can be observed in a chemical reaction.
  28. 46. each of the digits of a number that are used to express it to the required degree of accuracy, starting from the first nonzero digit.
  29. 47. An explanation that has been repeatedly tested and confirmed by observation.
  30. 49. When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties.
  31. 50. Something visible to the naked eye
  32. 52. a mixture that has different properties in different regions of the mixture.
  33. 53. the electrons in the outermost shell, or energy level, of an atom
  34. 55. A mixture that is the same throughout
  35. 57. Last group on periodic table. Very unreactive. Gasses at room temp. Several used for lighting. Does not bond with other elements.
  36. 63. The basic unit of a chemical element
  37. 64. A stable negatively charged component of an atom.
  38. 65. No definite volume or shape, particles move very quickly and are far apart.
  39. 67. a substance with variable composition
  40. 72. Definite volume and shape, container doesn’t matter, particles are tightly packed.