Chemistry Unit 2 Vocab

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Across
  1. 6. an element that tends to gain one or more valence electrons in a chemical reaction
  2. 7. no matter is ever created or destroyed in any chemical reaction
  3. 11. another name for chemical periodicity
  4. 12. the tiny, positively charged core of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons
  5. 14. any element in groups IB through VIIIB of the periodic table
  6. 17. exactly one-twelfth the mass of a Carbon-12 atom and equal to 1.66054x10^-24 grams, a.k.a. dalton
  7. 20. different forms of an element having the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
  8. 21. a column of the periodic table; these elements have similar valence electron configurations
  9. 22. any atom or group of atoms carrying either a net negative or a net positive electrical charge
  10. 23. a general name for any group VIIA element; the most reactive nonmetals that are missing 1 valence electron
  11. 25. an electron in the outermost shell of an atom
  12. 27. a subatomic particle that has a mass approximately equal to that of the hydrogen atom, carries zero electrical charge, and is located in the nucleus of an atom
  13. 28. horizontal rows on the periodic table; these elements typically have the same number of electron shells
  14. 29. a unit of concentration for solutions, used most frequently for solutions made up of a solid solute dissolved in a liquid solvent (grams solute/grams solution)x100
  15. 30. a unitless number expressing the mass of a particular atom relative to the mass of an atom of carbon-12, which is arbitrarily assigned a mass of exactly 12
  16. 31. elements with atomic numbers 90 through 103
  17. 32. any element in group VIIIA of the periodic table
  18. 33. a table of the elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number
  19. 36. the amount of energy needed to remove an electron from the outermost shell of a neutral atom
Down
  1. 1. the theory of matter with 5 points
  2. 2. a helium nucleus ejected from some radioactive nuclei during a process known as alpha decay
  3. 3. elements spaced at periodic intervals based on atomic number have similar chemical properties
  4. 4. a general name for any element in group VIA
  5. 5. the amounts of the elements in a compound are determined by the identity of the compound
  6. 8. an ion with a positive charge
  7. 9. an ion that has a negative charge
  8. 10. elements 58-71 on the periodic table, a.k.a. rare earth metals
  9. 13. a general name for any element in group IA; the most reactive metals that have only 1 valence electron
  10. 15. a general name for any element in group IIA
  11. 16. a subatomic particle that has a mass approximately equal to that of the hydrogen atom, carries an electrical charge of +1, and is located in the nucleus of an atom
  12. 18. an element whose properties are intermediate between those of metals and those of nonmetals; typically the physical properties of metals and chemical properties of nonmetals
  13. 19. elements arranged on his version of the periodic table have properties similar to those of the elements eight positions to the left and eight positions to the right, a.k.a. the law of octaves
  14. 24. an element that tends to lose one or more valence elections in chemical reactions
  15. 26. Any elements in groups IA, IIA, IIIA, IVA, VA, VIA, VIIA, and VIIIA of the periodic table
  16. 31. the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
  17. 34. a subatomic particle that has a mass 1/1836 that of a Hydrogen atom, carries an electric charge of -1, and moves about at high velocity around the nucleus of an atom
  18. 35. the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom