Chemistry Vocabulary Final
Across
- 2. ion that consists of two or more atoms bonded together, which collectively have a net charge
- 4. negatively charged subatomic particle found outside the nucleus
- 6. distance from the nucleus of an ion to the outermost electron after the atom has gained or lost electrons to form an ion
- 12. chemical compound consisting of a hydrogen and a carbon
- 13. the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself when it is part of a chemical bond
- 16. deals with quantitative relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction; uses a balanced chemical reaction
- 17. chemical bond formed when two nonmetal atoms share electrons in order to achieve a full outer electron shell
- 18. substance in a chemical reaction that is used up first
- 22. pairs of electrons that are shared between two atoms in a chemical bond
- 24. solid that forms and separates from a liquid solution during a chemical reaction
- 25. amount of space an object takes up
- 26. substances that are present at the beginning of a chemical reaction
- 32. refers to the region around a central atom where electrons are likely to be found
- 33. positively charged ion that has lost electrons
- 34. substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio
- 35. number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
- 36. pure substance made of only one type of atom
- 42. type of chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances
- 43. chemical compound formed when two nonmetal atoms share electrons in order to achieve a full electron shell
- 44. an ionic compound formed with a metal and a nonmetal
- 46. combination of two or more substances physically combined in variable proportions
- 48. refers to the emission and transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles when an atoms nucleus decays
- 49. 6.022x10^23 particles
- 52. process in which reactants are transformed into products through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds
- 55. subatomic particle found in the outermost shell of an atom
- 56. states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to have a full outer electron shell
- 59. new substances formed from a chemical reaction
- 61. molecule that has a net dipole, meaning there is an uneven distribution of electrons
- 62. force of attraction that holds atoms together in a compound by either transferring or sharing electrons to become more stable
- 64. mixture in which the components are not evenly distributed and composition is not uniform
- 66. measure of the efficiency of a chemical reaction, compares actual and theoretical yield
- 69. total number of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus of an atom
- 70. region of space around the nucleus of an atom where there is a high probability of finding an electron
- 71. the amount of energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom
- 72. substance in a chemical reaction that is not completely used up when the reaction is finished
- 73. maximum amount of product that can be formed in a chemical reaction, calculated based on the balanced chemical equation and the amount of limiting reactant
- 74. chemical reaction in which one element replaces another in a compound
Down
- 1. measure of a fluids resistance to flow
- 3. the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas
- 5. diagram that shows a representation of valence electrons of an element or molecules represented by dots
- 7. chemical compound formed by the electrostatic attraction between cations and anions
- 8. chemical reaction in which two or more compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds
- 9. used to convert a quantity from one unit to another without changing its value
- 10. number assigned to an atom that represents its charge in an ionic compound
- 11. conversion factor derived from the coefficients of a balanced equation, showing the ratio of moles between substances
- 14. the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost electron shell
- 15. positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus
- 19. a regular, repeating arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a solid
- 20. the arrangement of electrons in their most stable form in an orbital
- 21. same element with different different number of neutrons
- 23. neutrally charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus
- 27. mass of one mole of a substance
- 28. mixture in which the components are evenly distributed and has uniform composition
- 29. building block of all matter
- 30. type of chemical reaction in which two or more simple substances combine to form a complex compound
- 31. type of chemical bond formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another,resulting in the formation of cations and anions
- 37. chemical reaction that absorbs energy, usually in the form of heat
- 38. Pairs of valence electrons that are not involved in bonding with other atoms
- 39. elements that naturally exist as molecules composed of two identical atoms bonded together because they are more stable in this form than as individual atoms
- 40. used to measure the amount of a substance
- 41. anything that has mass and takes up space
- 45. refers to the percentage by mass of each element in a compound
- 47. atom or molecule with an electric charge because it has gained or lost electrons
- 50. amount of matter in an object
- 51. weighted average of all the masses of all the naturally occurring isotopes on the periodic table
- 52. chemical reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water
- 53. chemical compound containing at least one oxygen atom
- 54. measured amount of product obtained from a chemical reaction
- 57. chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat or light
- 58. family on the periodic table that corresponds to the number of valence electrons
- 60. sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a chemical formula, expressed in amu
- 63. horizontal row in the periodic table that corresponds to the number of energy levels
- 65. negatively charged ion that has gained electrons
- 67. measure of how readily an element or compound undergoes a chemical reaction
- 68. molecules that do not have a net dipole, meaning there is an even distribution of charge