China
Across
- 3. Chinese for "Literature" or "Culture", descriptive of the Chinese writing system, one of the great unifiers of China.
- 5. "Li" in Chinese. Includes ancestor worship, and various ceremonies like songs and prayers, and is about inner feeling more than outward display.
- 8. Consolidation that expanded Chinese territory and trade, via the Silk Road, and established the Confucian system of government.
- 11. Chinese for "family household" and characteristic of the most important element of socialization.
- 13. Most important philosopher in Chinese history, arguing for benevolent and righteous behavior in a time of great upheaval. His idea was to lead by moral example.
- 15. Invented under the Han Consolidation, giving China both military advantage and fireworks.
- 16. Chinese word for scholars, valued highest in social hierarchy.
- 17. conscripted 300,000 people to build this under the Qin unification, with a fatal late-to-work policy. 2,150-2,600 miles long.
Down
- 1. Characterized by a cycle beginning in 2100 BCE and ending in 1911. A type of rule that typified Chinese political leadership and centralization.
- 2. Short lived but powerful rule over China as one empire, resulting in the Great Wall and other advancements.
- 4. Chinese word for "farmers", a class valued above merchants, contrast to many Western societies.
- 6. Thought plus expression, a quality of most Chinese written characters.
- 7. Feudalism Dynasty from 1122-256 BCE. Separated into Western and Eastern Dynasties, from 1046-771 BCE and 771-256 BCE, respectively. The Mandate of Heaven was used by this Dynasty's first emperor as justification to overthrow the Shang Dynasty.
- 9. Dynasty from 2200-1766 BCE. During it Huangdi became known as the Yellow Emperor, and stories of Pan Gu (creator of the universe), Xia Yu (founder of the dynasty) and the great flood are associated.
- 10. Dynasty from 1766-1122 BCE. During this dynasty advancements including urbanism, social stratification, bronze metallurgy, chariots, and calligraphy came about.
- 12. a non-Confucian way of thinking, founded by Laozi and Zhuangzi, and known as "The Way". The Yin-Yang is a key component in this way of thinking, alongside the Eight Immortals which are signs of prosperity and longevity.
- 14. "The greatest route in the history of mankind", used primarily from 300 BC to AD 100. Formed the first bridge between the East and the West, inspiring exchange of dialogue, art, religion, ideas, and technology between nations like China, India, Persia, and Rome.