Civil Law Terminology

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Across
  1. 2. a legal dispute between two or more parties
  2. 5. Delivery of a writ, summons, or other legal papers to the person required to respond to them.
  3. 7. the legal action in which one party (the plaintiff) sues another party (the defendant). Federal civil cases begin with the filing of a _________
  4. 8. The official power to make legal decisions and judgments.Territory within which a court or government agency may properly exercise its power.
  5. 12. evidence that may be presented before the trier of fact(judge or jury) for them to consider in deciding the case
  6. 14. one possible response to being served with a civil complaint
  7. 19. After a complaint has been filed with the court and served with the Summons on the defendant, the defendant may file his or her own written complaint against the plaintiff, (the person originally suing the defendant).
  8. 21. Impairment to any party of the body, including internal organs, arms and legs, and even the brain. ________ lawsuits are filed by people (or their representatives) injured due to the negligence of someone else.
  9. 24. Improper, illegal, or negligent
  10. 26. _______ civil case involves an amount of money of $25,000 or less.
  11. 27. an act or omission that gives rise to injury or harm to another and amounts to a civil wrong for which courts impose liability.\
  12. 28. a form of court enforcement of a legal right resulting from a successful civil lawsuit.
  13. 31. an official document that directs a sheriff to take possession of a judgment debtor's property so that it either (a) may be turned over to the judgment creditor or (b) may be sold at public sale so that the proceeds may be turned over to the judgment creditor.
  14. 35. disputes whose dollar value is in excess of $50,000 – account for only about 10% of all civil filings and only about 2% of total annual court filings.
  15. 37. Any law that bars claims after a certain period of time passes after an injury.
  16. 38. an agreement between parties, creating mutual obligations that are enforceable by law.
Down
  1. 1. the defendant introduces evidence, which, if found to be credible, will negate criminal liability or civil liability, even if it is proven that the defendant committed the alleged acts.
  2. 3. used to refer to motions for orders that can be granted without waiting for a response from the other side. Generally, these are orders that are only in place until further hearings can be held, such as a temporary restraining order.
  3. 4. an initial hearing where the judge, the attorneys, and the parties meet to discuss the issues involved in the case.
  4. 6. Request to a court for a desired ruling or order. can be written or spoken, as the relevant rules require.
  5. 9. An agreement that ends a dispute and results in the voluntary dismissal of any related litigation.
  6. 10. a written pleading filed by a defendant to respond to a complaint in a lawsuit filed and served upon that defendant.
  7. 11. refers to the different ways people can resolve disputes without a trial.
  8. 13. claims for debt alleged in a lawsuit (included in the complaint) which are general and alleged together so that the defendant cannot squirm out of liability on some technicality on one of the counts.
  9. 15. when one party in a binding agreement violates their terms of agreement
  10. 16. money awarded for loss or injury
  11. 17. a ruling granted by a judge or court in favor of a plaintiff in the event that the defendant in a legal case fails to respond to a court summons or does not appear in court.
  12. 18. a statement in an answer to a lawsuit or claim by a defendant in a lawsuit, in which the defendant denies everything alleged in the complaint without specifically denying any allegation.
  13. 20. the part of complaint where a plaintiff states the damages or other remedies it is seeking from the court in a lawsuit.
  14. 22. the intentional use of deceit, a trick or some dishonest means to deprive another of his/her/its money, property or a legal right.
  15. 23. a combination of facts sufficient enough to sue
  16. 25. certain formal documents filed with the court that state the parties' basic positions, claims, and defenses
  17. 29. activity or treatment, especially by a medical practitioner, lawyer, or public official.
  18. 30. a notice issued by a court that informs the defendant that they are being sued or are required to appear in court.
  19. 32. A complaint where the plaintiff (or, in limited cases, the plaintiff's counsel) swears to the allegations, demonstrating to a court that the plaintiff has investigated the charges against the defendant and found them to be of substance.
  20. 33. A failure to behave with the level of care that someone of ordinary prudence would have exercised under the same circumstances. The behavior usually consists of actions, but can also consist of omissions when there is some duty to act (e.g., a duty to help victims of one's previous conduct).
  21. 34. when a party is held legally responsible for something.
  22. 36. A document, photograph, object, animation, or other device formally introduced as evidence in a legal proceeding.