Classical Greece & Persia
Across
- 4. Ships developed by Corinthians, which stacked 170 oarsmen on 3 levels.
- 6. a Hetaera who was the partner that Pericles treated as an equal.
- 8. The migrant workers in Athens who were excluded from the benefits of citizenship.
- 9. Ancient Anatolian people of the Bronze age, who made iron goods, ruled through govt. officials, and worshipped storm gods.
- 13. Syllabic script used for writing Mycenaean Greek- the earliest attested form of Greek.
- 14. Tyrant who rode into Athens with “Athena,” took power, and turned to the commoners for support.
- 17. Athenian tyrant who ruled despotically after the murder of his brother and was banished from Athens in 520 BCE.
- 18. This maritime union of 150 cities was formed after the Greco-Persian Wars.
- 20. This war was fought between Athens and Sparta due to Athenian imperialism and had no real winner.
- 21. Governors of the 23 provinces who served as viceroy to the king.
- 22. The Spartan Tyrant ruled with the help of this group of 28 men over the age of 60.
- 24. 1500 mile highway that allowed Persian officials to traverse the empire in 2-3 weeks.
- 25. Greeks used this military formation of a body of troops moving in close formation to win the Battle of Marathon.
- 27. Known for its militaristic culture and unequaled women’s rights, it was a dominant military power in classical Greece.
- 29. May have run 140 mi. from Marathon to Athens to deliver news of victory at Marathon.
- 31. An upper-class dinner party, where guests gathered to eat, drink, and talk.
- 34. Battle during which Leonidas, 300 Spartans, and several hundred Greeks held back thousands of Persians for 3 days before defeat.
- 37. Author of the Odyssey and the Iliad.
- 38. Underground canals to support economic infrastructure
- 39. Athenian statesman who abolished debt slavery and expanded Athenian democracy and public office.
- 40. The Father of Athenian democracy, reformed the constitution of Athens, set it on democratic footing, and est. ostracism.
- 41. He headed the Parthenon bank, restored the Acropolis, and rebuilt Athens during its Golden Age.
- 43. Citizen-soldiers of Ancient Greek city-states who were primarily armed with spears and shields.
Down
- 1. The evil, destructive spirit in Zoroastrianism.
- 2. 5 Spartans elected annually to share power with the early hereditary kings.
- 3. Ancient Iranian spiritual leader who founded what is now known as Zoroastrianism.
- 5. Ancient Semitic maritime trading culture in the Mediterranean specializing in blue dye, which invented the bireme and a widely used writing system.
- 7. Dining messes or clubs that Spartan citizens were granted membership to at age 20 and later funded.
- 8. An Aegean Bronze Age civilization on Crete that left behind extensive material culture such as pottery and handiwork and worshipped a goddess.
- 10. A famous ancient sanctuary that served as the seat of an oracle, who consulted on important decisions.
- 11. Primary script used in palace and religious writings of the Minoan civilization.
- 12. Ancient Hellenic people who mastered eastern innovations such as the alphabet, coinage, math, naval fleets, and complex trade.
- 15. Scientist who was the first to realize the moon was lit by reflected sunlight.
- 16. The sacred text of Zoroastrianism that includes hymns, moral teachings, and songs.
- 19. He conquered the Achaemenid Empire and ushered in the Hellenistic Era throughout Eurasia.
- 23. Shepherd and founder of the Achaemenid Empire, who was known as “Messiah” by the Jews.
- 26. Priests in Zoroastrianism and the earlier religions of the western Iranians.
- 28. General who convinced Athenians to build the “wooden wall,” which helped them to win the Battle of Salamis.
- 30. Ambitious aristocrat who led the coup against Cleitsthenes with support from Spartan troops.
- 32. Conquered people who worked as slave laborers for their Spartan overlords.
- 33. Son of Darius, he harshly suppressed rebellions in Mesopotamia and Egypt, leading to rebellion.
- 35. Imperial capital of Persia under King Darius.
- 36. the rigorous education and training program mandated for all male Spartan citizens.
- 42. Occupied the lowest run of Athenian society, but were granted the right to hold public office after Pericles’ reforms.