CLF208 W15 Wine Fermentation
Across
- 4. one of the reasons why LAB are used in fermentation that convert malic acid into lactic acid. Most spoilage microbes have opposite of that reason.
- 6. ______ activity arises with yeasts to inhibit spoilage and mycotoxigenic mould
- 8. Pichia ____, one of the initial predominant species in indigenous microflora
- 11. pigments that change colour based on pH. Interacted with yeasts during alcoholic fermentation in order to change the colour of wine
- 15. along with another strain, Acetobacter ___ spoils wine by causing off-flavours
- 17. toxin produced by different Aspergillus and Penicillium species
- 18. Along with another strain, Acetobacter ___ slows down alcholic fermentation
- 21. Fermentation that creates wine with more interesting character.
- 23. Saccharomyces ____, microbial species that turned predominant at end of fermentation that creates wine with more interesting character.
- 27. pyruvate is converted into carbon dioxide, ethanol and ___ end-products, which include acids, esters and aldehydes
- 29. ____, mouldy taints arise from mould in wines
- 30. _____ stellata, one of the initial predominant species in indigenous microflora
- 32. leuconostocs ____, a lactic acid bacteria used to convert malic acid into lactic acid
- 33. added to prevent wine from browning and having off-smells due to oxygen exposure. Also (oxidation). Added to control spoilage microbial growth
Down
- 1. along with glucose, they are converted into pyruvate via Embolen Meyerhof Parnas (EMP) pathway in glycolysis
- 2. describes fermentation that converts tart-tasting malic acid into softer-testing lactic acis
- 3. along with another microbial species, they create earthy taints in wine. From family Streptomycetaceae.
- 5. lab can endure 12 - 14% _______
- 7. _____ uvarum, one of the initial predominant species in indigenous microflora
- 9. removes colour and flavour compounds from seeds, skins and stems
- 10. fermentation which is more controllable, rapid and reproducible
- 12. decreased to improve quality of high-acid wines but reduce quality of low-acid wines
- 13. mycotoxins derived from Fusarium and their Liseola section.
- 14. __ * 10^6 of microbes in fermentation which is more controllable, rapid and reproducible is added.
- 16. lab can endure ___ mg/L Sulfur dioxide
- 19. ______ apiculata, one of the initial predominant species in indigenous microflora
- 20. along with another microbial species, they create earthy taints in wine. From family Actinomycetaceae.
- 22. lab can endure pH __
- 24. Used to convert pyruvate into ethanol, carbon dioxide and other end-products
- 25. a process done to remove skins after partial alcoholic fermentation
- 26. ______ oxydans is an acetic acid bacteria in wine that spoils the product and inhibits alcoholic fermentation
- 28. killer yeasts produces ______ glycoproteins/ proteins in order to kill yeasts
- 31. ______ cinerea causes white wine to be sweet.