Columbian Exchange

4. the forced movement of millions of Africans to the Americas between the 15th and 19th centuries.
8. a plant from the Americas whose dried leaves were smoked or chewed and later grown by Europeans on large farms because it made a lot of money.
10. the movement of peoples, plants, animals, diseases, and cultures between the Old World and New World beginning with European exploration.
12. the establishment of settlements and control by European powers in the Americas, influencing language, religion, and culture.
13. an Old World crop brought to the Caribbean, leading to large plantations and increased demand for slave labor.
16. the process of increasing worldwide interconnectedness, which began accelerating during the age of exploration.
17. the system of trade connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas during the age of exploration, including goods and enslaved people.
19. the regions of Europe, Asia, and Africa involved in trade, migration, and cultural diffusion during the age of exploration.
20. the body’s resistance to disease, which Indigenous peoples lacked against many European illnesses.

1. a New World crop that supported major population growth when introduced to Europe.
2. a deadly Old World disease that devastated Indigenous populations in the Americas.
3. the term used by Europeans to describe the newly encountered Americas during exploration.
5. Spanish agricultural plantations in Latin America during the colonial period, often using Indigenous and African labor.
6. a respiratory disease transferred from Europeans to Indigenous populations,
7. the horrific transatlantic journey enslaved Africans endured en route to the Americas.
9. the explorer whose 1492 voyage initiated sustained contact between Europe and the Americas, triggering the Columbian Exchange.
11. a staple crop from the Americas that became essential to diets in Europe and Africa, also called corn
14. the plant used to make chocolate, transported from the Americas to Europe.
15. Old World animals reintroduced to the Americas, transforming transportation and hunting.
18. referring to the native peoples of the Americas who were heavily affected by European diseases and colonization.