Common Terms in Genetics

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Across
  1. 6. the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis.
  2. 10. a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
  3. 11. a compound structure at the end of a chromosome.
  4. 14. A postulated unit of gene action that consists of an operator and the closely linked functional genes it controls.
  5. 15. an individual who has two different alleles of a particular gene.
  6. 17. an important part of DNA and RNA, where it is one of the nitrogenous bases coding the genetic information these molecules carry.
  7. 19. genetic makeup of an organism.
  8. 20. the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule.
  9. 22. the last stage in prophase, in which the nucleolus and nuclear envelope disappear, spindle fibers form, and the chromosomes shorten in preparation for anaphase.
  10. 23. the main building block of DNA and is found in every nucleotide that makes up the long chain of genetic information.
  11. 24. the second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers.
  12. 26. A sequence of three bases in tRNA that is complementary to a codon in mRNA. Enables tRNA to sequence amino acids in the order specified by mRNA.
  13. 27. Any of a group of compounds consisting of a nucleoside combined with a phosphate group and constituting the units that make up DNA and RNA molecules.
  14. 28. one of the four main nucleobases found in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA, the others being adenine, cytosine, and thymine.
  15. 29. a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
  16. 30. an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes.
Down
  1. 1. one of the five bases that form nucleic acids that is always paired up with adenine through two hydrogen bonds only in DNA
  2. 2. One member of a pair of genes found at a specific position on a chromosome
  3. 3. the composite of an organism's observable characteristics or traits
  4. 4. the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division.
  5. 5. thread-like structures that contain the genes
  6. 7. a complex of proteins associated with the centromere of a chromosome during cell division, to which the microtubules of the spindle attach.
  7. 8. an individual with two identical alleles of a particular gene
  8. 9. the founder of modern genetics
  9. 12. a structural unit of a eukaryotic chromosome, consisting of a length of DNA coiled around a core of histones.
  10. 13. the first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears.
  11. 16. an enzyme that bind and may even remodel nucleic acid or nucleic acid protein complexes.
  12. 18. the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed.
  13. 21. a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl and an amino group
  14. 25. a purine base present in nucleoproteins of cells of plants and animals