Computer Software

Across

1. Software or hardware that enables one computer system to behave like another, facilitating cross-platform compatibility.
5. A file format used for presenting documents in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.
7. Applications that can run on multiple operating systems without modification.
9. Software distributed for free initially, but users are required to pay for continued use or additional features.
10. Programs designed to detect, prevent, and remove malicious software (malware) from a computer.
11. Hardware responsible for rendering images and videos on a computer monitor.
13. A standard for connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices.
16. Definition: A visual interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices or software through graphical elements.
19. Software that allows the operating system to communicate with and control a specific hardware device.
20. A network interface card that enables a computer to connect to a local network.
22. Software that is developed and sold for profit.
24. A business model where basic software is provided for free, but advanced features or premium versions require payment.
25. The core component of an operating system responsible for managing hardware resources.
28. Programs designed for end-users to perform specific tasks, such as word processors, web browsers, and games.
30. A network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
32. Software that secretly gathers information about a user's activities without their knowledge.
33. Software that manages computer hardware and provides services for computer programs.
34. Malicious software that encrypts a user's files and demands payment for their release.
35. A software suite that provides tools for software development in one cohesive interface.
36. Wireless technology for short-range communication between devices.
38. Software that manages and supports the computer infrastructure, including operating systems, device drivers, and utilities.

Down

2. Programs that perform a specific task, such as antivirus software, disk cleanup tools, and file management applications.
3. Software that is owned by a company or an individual, and its source code is not publicly available.
4. A small piece of software designed to fix issues or enhance functionality in an existing program.
6. Software that enables the transfer of files between a local computer and a remote server.
8. Software used for organizing, analyzing, and presenting numerical data in tabular form.
12. Hardware devices connected to a computer, such as printers, scanners, and external storage.
14. Software that acts as an intermediary between different applications or software components.
15. Software that establishes a secure, encrypted connection over the internet, allowing users to browse the web privately and securely.
17. The process of backing up data to a remote, cloud-based server for added security and accessibility.
18. A data storage technology that uses multiple disk drives for performance, reliability, or both.
21. A standard for connecting hardware devices to a computer motherboard.
23. A pre-release version of software, typically made available for testing and feedback.
24. Software that is available for use at no cost but may have restrictions on its usage or distribution.
26. Software whose source code is not available to the public, and users cannot modify or distribute it.
27. Technology that allows devices to be automatically detected and configured by the operating system.
29. Software with a license that allows users to view, modify, and distribute its source code freely.
30. Software embedded in hardware devices to control their functionality.
31. Outdated software that is still in use but may lack support or updates.
37. Firmware that initializes hardware components during the boot process and provides a bridge between the operating system and hardware.