Confidence Intervals and Significance Tests

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Across
  1. 5. distribution when the standard deviation is not known
  2. 6. failing to reject the null when the alternative is true
  3. 8. formal procedure for using observed data to decide between two hypotheses
  4. 13. the alternative hypothesis states that a parameter is different than the null hypothesis
  5. 14. claim we are trying to find evidence for in a significance test
  6. 16. the alternative hypothesis states that a parameter is larger or smaller than the null hypothesis
  7. 17. used to find the related probability involving z
  8. 18. rejecting the null when the null is true
  9. 19. gives the overall success rate of the method for calculating the confidence interval; in C% of all possible samples, the method would yield an interval that captures the true parameter value
  10. 20. used to determine the correct value of t* for a given confidence interval
Down
  1. 1. fixed value a that we use as a cutoff for deciding whether an observed result is too unlikely to happen by chance alone when when the null hypothesis is true
  2. 2. gives an interval of plausible values for a parameter
  3. 3. the difference between the point estimate and the true parameter value will be less than this in C% of samples
  4. 4. measures how far a sample statistic diverges from what we would expect if the null hypothesis were true
  5. 7. the value of a statistic that provides an estimate of a population parameter
  6. 9. claim we weigh evidence against in a statistical test; statement of "no difference"
  7. 10. multiplier that makes the interval wide enough to have the stated capture rate; depends on the confidence level and the sampling distribution of the statistic
  8. 11. the result of the standard deviation being estimated from the data
  9. 12. one minus the sample size
  10. 15. when assuming the null hypothesis is true, the probability that the statistic would take a value as extreme as or more extreme than the one actually observed in the direction of the alternative hypothesis