Congenital Heart Defects

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Across
  1. 6. __________ of Fallot consists of four defects: large VSD; an overriding aorta straddling the VSD; pulmonary stenosis and RV hypertrophy
  2. 7. At birth, a series of circulatory changes occur that affect blood flow, vascular resistance, and oxygen tension; and the most important change is the shift of gas exchange from placental to ________.
  3. 9. This mixing defect, (occurring in newborns), of the great arteries refers to a condition in which the aorta arises from RV and the pulmonary artery from LV resulting in two separate, parallel circuits
  4. 10. Disease seen in young children, 5 years or younger; a self-limiting systemic vasculitis that may result in cardiac sequelae
  5. 12. ________________ of the aorta is a narrowing of the lumen of the aorta that impedes blood flow.
  6. 13. Tricuspid __________ accounts for 1% to 3% of congenital heart defects, and is the 3rd most common cyanotic heart defect.
  7. 14. Heart defects that allow desaturated blood to enter the systemic system without passing through the lungs result in ___________ and cyanosis.
Down
  1. 1. Tricuspid atresia consists of an imperforate tricuspid valve, resulting in no ________________ between the RA and RV.
  2. 2. The direction of shunting in a child with a ______ septal defect is from the left side to the lower-pressure right side.
  3. 3. The presence of alternate pathways, known as fetal _______ helps to promote delivery of maximum amount of oxygenated blood to developing brain.
  4. 4. Aortic _____________ is the narrowing of the aortic outflow tract, and depending of its severity, children can be asymptomatic in mild to moderate cases to syncopal episodes, epigastric pain or chest pain on exertion, as seen in more severe cases.
  5. 5. ____________ left heart syndrome refers to abnormal development of left-sided cardiac structures, resulting in obstruction to blood flow from LV outflow tract.
  6. 8. __________ cushions are instrumental in closing lower portion of atrial septum, dividing AV canals in right and left AV orifices and forming upper portion of interventricular septum.
  7. 11. An _________ septal defect is an abnormal communication between the atria.