Core 2 102c.1 Microbiology Study Guide

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Across
  1. 4. Bloodborne pathogen that causes a highly infectious disease that infects the liver; Hepatitis B Virus.
  2. 6. The removal of dirt, oil and/or pathogens from an object.
  3. 14. Using the same infection control procedures with all clients is called standard ___________.
  4. 15. Sub-microscopic particle (much smaller than bacteria) that causes familiar diseases like the common cold; requires living hosts to multiply; are not treatable with antibiotics.
  5. 16. Occurs when disease-causing bacteria or viruses enter the body and multiply to the point of interfering with the body's normal state; an insufficient number of antibodies are produced by the body's defense (immune) system to "fight" harmful bacteria.
  6. 18. ______ Transmission is the spread of infectious disease when an infected person touches or exchanges body fluids with someone else.
  7. 20. Type of infection that is located in a small, confined area; often indicated by a pus-filled boil, pimple or inflamed area.
  8. 21. Most common form of bacterial cells; bar- or rod-shaped cells that can produce a variety of diseases including tetanus, bacterial influenza, typhoid fever, tuberculosis and diphtheria.
  9. 22. Eternal _________ are organisms that live on or obtain their nutrients from another organism called a host; generally cause harm to the host; clients who have a disease caused by these should NOT be treated and should be referred to a physician; Ex. mosquitos.
  10. 24. The action of making an object or substance unclean or impure.
  11. 26. Spiraled, coiled, corkscrew-shaped bacterial cells; cause highly contagious diseases such as syphilis, cholera and lyme disease.
  12. 28. Produced by the immune system in response to any pathogen; can either destroy, kill or inactivate pathogens.
  13. 29. Disease-producing bacteria; cause infection and disease, and some produce toxins.
  14. 31. The stage of growth in bacteria when they reproduce and grow rapidly; usually takes place in dark, damp or dirty areas where a food source is available.
  15. 32. Hair-like projections which extend from the sides of the cell in Bacilli and Spirilla; give them the ability to move by themselves; produce a wave-like motion to easily propel the cell through a liquid.
  16. 33. The ability of the body to destroy infectious agents that enter the body.
  17. 34. ________ Transmission is when an infectious disease spreads through the air or contact with a contaminated object.
  18. 35. Type of infection that occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and their toxins to all parts of the body; also known as a systemic infection.
  19. 37. Non-disease-producing bacteria; harmless and can be very beneficial; approx. 70% of all bacteria.
  20. 38. Spherical (round-shaped) bacterial cells, which appear singularly or in groups.
Down
  1. 1. Special group or type of antibodies that render a toxic substance harmless; can neutralize a specific toxin.
  2. 2. Virus that can lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS); interferes with the body's natural immune system and causes it to break down.
  3. 3. Bacterial cells that grow in pairs; cause of certain infections, including pneumonia.
  4. 5. One-celled micro-organisms sometimes called germs or microbes; can cause infections by invading the body through a break in the skin or through any of the body's natural openings; go through a growth cycle that consists of two stages: active & inactive.
  5. 7. A(n) ____________ carrier carries a disease-producing bacteria or virus with no recognizable symptoms.
  6. 8. A(n) __________ Infection is transmitted from one person to another, usually through touch or through the air.
  7. 9. Type of immunity that results when exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease; takes time (usually several weeks) to develop; long-lasting and sometimes life-long.
  8. 10. The unintentional transfer or harmful bacteria from one person, object or surface to another with harmful effects.
  9. 11. Type of immunity provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through their own immune system; protection is immediate; lasts only for a few weeks or months.
  10. 12. Transmitted directly from one person to another, or by contact with articles that have come in contact with an infested person; usually accompanied by head scratching, redness and/or small bite marks on the scalp; easy to control by using a pediculicide.
  11. 13. Hair-like projections which extend form the sides of the cell in Bacilli and Spirilla; give them the ability to move by themselves; produce a rowing-like motion to easily propel the cell through a liquid.
  12. 17. Pus-forming bacterial cells; form in long chains and can cause septicemia (sometimes called blood poisoning), strep throat, rheumatic fever and other serious infections.
  13. 19. __________ Pathogens are disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the blood of body fluids; can be spread in the salon through haircutting, waxing, tweezing, nipping or anytime the skin is broken.
  14. 23. Spread to a new person frequently; cause no infection unless they actually enter the body.
  15. 25. Common viral infection that can lead to health problems such as genital warts, cervical changes and cervical cancer; often invisible and difficult to kill.
  16. 27. Parasite _____ are molds and yeasts that produce contagious diseases such as ringworm (tinea), ringworm of the scalp (tinea capitis) and noncontagious conditions such as dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis (stubborn dandruff).
  17. 30. Pus-forming bacterial cells; form as grape-like bunches or in clusters; present in abscesses, pustules and boils.
  18. 36. Stage of growth in bacteria when conditions are unfavorable; when the environment makes the bacteria's survival difficult, some bacteria enter this stage by creating spherical spores.