Criminal law

4. doctrine - law is invaild if it restricts substantially more speech than necessary
6. of law (knowledge element exception) - defense when the statue explicitly requires knowledge that conduct is illegal
9. impluse test - defendant knew the act was wrong but could not control their behavior due to mental disorder
10. of law (official interpretation exception) - defense when defendant reasonablt relies on an official statement of law later found incorrect
12. test (incitement) - speech can be punished only if intended to incite imminent lawless action and likely to producce such action
13. threat - statement where a reasonable person would foresee the statement as a serious expression of intent to harm
14. rule (self-defense) - no duty to retreat before using deadly force if confronted with unlawful deadly force

1. test - crime must be the producy of a mental disease or deflect
2. regualtion - regulates speech because of its message; triggers strict scrutiny
3. Dcree Defense - defendant believed god directly commanded the act; may satisfy M'Naghten
5. in concert (RICO) - participants knowingly join together to carry out a racketeering scheme
7. rape - strict liability offense where consent and mistake of age are not defenses
8. defense - defendant commits crime due to threat of unlawful force, but usually not a defense to murder
11. scrutiny - law must serve a compelling government interest and be narrowly tailored using the least restrictive means
14. test (obscenity) - determines whether material is obscene: appeals to prurient interest, patently offensive, and lacks serious value