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3. The use of technology to perform tasks with minimal human intervention, common in modern CNC machining.
4. A rotating axis in a machine tool, especially in lathes and milling machines.
9. The outermost layer of a workpiece that is machined to achieve desired texture and accuracy.
12. A machining process in which a cutting tool removes material from a rotating workpiece.
13. A machining process that uses rotary cutters to remove material from a workpiece.
14. The process of shaping materials by removing excess material using tools like lathes, mills, and drills.

1. A device or implement used to perform machining operations.
2. A machining process used to enlarge holes or refine cylindrical surfaces.
3. A reference line used to define movement in CNC machines, such as X, Y, and Z.
5. A measure of how accurately a machine tool can produce a part according to specifications.
6. A fundamental process in machining where material is removed to shape a workpiece.
7. The process of producing goods using machines, labor, and tools.
8. A type of motor used in CNC machines to provide precise control over movement.
10. A significant period in history when machine tools became essential to industrialization.
11. A machine tool used for shaping metal by rotating the workpiece against a cutting tool.