Cycle 4 Exam Review

3. The struggle between individuals or populations for the same resources within an environment
4. A non-living element in an ecosystem
6. A close and long-term relationship between two different species of organisms
10. A symbiotic relationship from which one species benefits and the other is harmed
12. A species that is one of the first to colonize a barren environment
14. The process in which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
15. A self-contained living thing
16. A body part, feature, or behavior that helps an organism survive and function better in its environment
17. All the populations of different species in a particular area
21. An organism that transforms energy from the Sun and uses carbon dioxide and water to make food
22. A relatively stable state of succession or the end product of succession

1. A type of ecological succession that occurs when new land is created or exposed for the first time
2. A diagram that shows the total amount of energy contained within each trophic level
5. A symbiotic relationship from which both species benefit
7. A system comprising all the biotic and abiotic factors in an area and all the interactions among them
8. A process in which humans deliberately choose for or against certain traits in organisms
9. An element in an ecosystem that is living, was once living, or was once part of a living organism
11. An animal that eats primary consumers (i.e., other animals that eat plants)
13. Overlapping food chains with different pathways to show the flow of energy in an ecosystem
18. A group of interacting individuals of the same species located in the same area
19. An organism that must consume other organisms for nutrients
20. A single, linear path showing the flow of energy from the Sun to a producer and through different levels of consumers
23. A symbiotic relationship from which one species benefits and the other is unaffected