database management system(md1)

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Across
  1. 4. A data model based on parent-child relationships represented by tree structures.
  2. 7. Type of DBMS architecture that includes two layers: client and server
  3. 9. A language used to manipulate data within the database, including inserting, updating, deleting, and retrieving data
  4. 12. This type of data independence allows changes to the conceptual schema without affecting the external schemas.
  5. 13. The process of hiding the complexities of data storage and presenting a simplified view of data to the users.
  6. 15. A DBMS model that stores data in tables with rows and columns.
Down
  1. 1. This DBMS component is responsible for query parsing and optimization.
  2. 2. An operation in DML that modifies existing records in a table
  3. 3. A language used to define the database schema, specifying data structure and constraints
  4. 5. Type of DBMS architecture that separates the physical storage from the conceptual structure
  5. 6. This layer of DBMS handles the interaction between the user's queries and the database
  6. 8. A type of data model that represents data as a collection of entities and relationships between them
  7. 9. The ability to change the schema at one level of the database system without affecting the schema at the next higher level.
  8. 10. This type of schema defines the logical view of the entire database.
  9. 11. A constraint that ensures no two rows in a table have the same value for a specified column
  10. 14. This operation in DML is used to add new records to a table.