Diabetes Crossword

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Across
  1. 5. When transitioning off IV insulin in a resolved DKA patient, by which route should basal insulin be given 1–2 hours before stopping the infusion?
  2. 6. During DKA treatment, once plasma glucose falls to about 250 mg/dL but acidosis persists, what IV carbohydrate source should be added to NS to safely continue insulin?
  3. 8. In a T2D patient with CKD and albuminuria, which SGLT2 inhibitor would you preferentially add to slow CKD progression and reduce HF hospitalization per DAPA‑CKD?
  4. 9. When differentiating DKA from HHS, which calculated lab value, incorporating sodium and glucose (± urea), best reflects the degree of hyperosmolarity?
  5. 10. When starting an SGLT2 inhibitor in T2D, which chronic condition involving albuminuria and reduced eGFR is a key comorbidity that gains substantial benefit?
  6. 12. Which microvascular complication do SGLT2i and GLP‑1RA trials consistently show benefit in preventing, often reported as reduced albuminuria and slower eGFR decline?
  7. 14. In an inpatient with T2D on metformin scheduled for contrast CT and with stable eGFR, which medication should be held around the study to mitigate lactic acidosis risk?
  8. 15. At ED arrival for moderate DKA with corrected sodium 152 mEq/L, which crystalloid does the University Health protocol start for initial resuscitation?
  9. 16. For severe DKA with pH ≤7.0 or bicarbonate <10 mEq/L and altered mental status, to what level of care should the patient be admitted for insulin infusion and close monitoring?
Down
  1. 1. Beyond heart and kidneys, which organ’s outcomes (e.g., NAFLD and steatosis) are increasingly considered when evaluating metabolic benefits of T2D pharmacotherapy?
  2. 2. In a newly diagnosed T2D patient with eGFR 45 mL/min/1.73 m² and no contraindications, which oral agent remains first‑line despite requiring renal dosing limits?
  3. 3. For a patient already stable on empagliflozin, linagliptin, and metformin XR separately, which fixed‑dose triple tablet could you use to reduce pill burden?
  4. 4. When evaluating suspected HHS, which calculated serum parameter must reach at least 300 mOsm/kg (or total 320 mOsm/kg) to meet diagnostic criteria?
  5. 5. Which semaglutide SQ cardiovascular outcome trial demonstrated reduction in CV death and nonfatal events and informs GLP‑1RA use in high‑risk T2D?
  6. 7. If a T2D patient with HFpEF and CKD needs a non‑insulin agent with proven reductions in HF hospitalization and renal endpoints, which drug class should be prioritized?[1]
  7. 11. A young adult with T1D presents with glucose 624 mg/dL, pH 7.12, bicarbonate 12 mEq/L, and elevated beta‑hydroxybutyrate; which acute hyperglycemic emergency does this fulfill?
  8. 13. A patient has glucose 900 mg/dL, effective serum osmolality 320 mOsm/kg, minimal ketones, and pH 7.35; which hyperglycemic crisis best fits this picture?
  9. 14. In CVOTs for T2D, which composite endpoint combining nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke, and CV death is used to judge cardioprotective benefit?