DKA

1. A ketotic odor on a DKA patients breath is often described as _________
4. DKA is distinguished from other diabetic emergencies by the presence of large amounts of __________ in blood and urine.
5. This counterregulatory hormone increases during DKA
7. The American Diabetes Association has categorized DKA as mild, moderate, and severe. _______ can only occur in the severe category
9. Symptoms of DKA include vomiting, __________, deep gasping breathing, confusion and occasionally coma.
10. The absence of insulin leads to the release of ________ (2 words) from adipose tissue
11. This painful "draw" is usually performed to demonstrate acidosis in DKA (acronym)
12. Though rare in adults, _______ edema occurs in .3-1% of children with DKA
15. Young patients with recurrent episodes of DKA may have an underlying __________ (2 words, hint: There was a lecture about this yesterday)
16. ________ function may be impaired in DKA as a result of dehydration
17. This guy (last name) described the deep and labored breathing seen in DKA

2. DKA is caused by a shortage of ________
3. "The Five I's" in the differential diagnosis for the cause of hyperglycemic crisis include infarction, infant (pregnancy), indiscretion (including cocaine ingestion, insulin lack (nonadherence or inappropriate dosing), and ________
6. Critically ill patients with severe hyperglycemia resulting from DKA should be treated immediately with a bolus of (2 words)
8. It sounds like a good idea, but studies have shown that IV __________ should only be used in patients with severe acidosis (pH < 6.9) (Hint: The resident suggested giving this in our case and the attending was annoyed)
13. DKA has an annual cost of about $2.4 ________ in the united states, up to half of the total cost of caring for people with type I diabetes
14. Insulin can decrease __________ levels in the blood and cause dangerous irregularities in the heart rate