DNA Structure and Function

4. expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein
5. An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks.
6. Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
7. theory that states that, in cells, information only flows from DNA to RNA to proteins
11. the study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself.
15. a random error in gene replication that leads to a change
16. Cytoplasmic organelles at which proteins are synthesized.
17. (genetics) the organic process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied into mRNA
19. of DNA that controls RNA polymerase's access to a set of genes with related functions.
21. specific region of a gene where RNA polymerase can bind and begin transcription
22. the formation of proteins by using information contained in DNA and carried by mRNA
23. group of genes operating together

1. monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
2. refers to any characteristics or traits that are influenced by heredity
3. The scientific study of heredity
8. A regulatory protein that binds to DNA and affects transcription of specific genes.
9. The process by which information encoded in DNA directs the synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not translated into proteins and instead function as RNAs.
10. A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
12. sequence of DNA that is not involved in coding for a protein
13. A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.
14. A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
18. A specific sequence of three adjacent bases on a strand of DNA or RNA that provides genetic code information for a particular amino acid
20. Copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA