DNA Structure & Protein Synthesis

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Across
  1. 3. A 3-nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid; AUG = start, UAA/UAG/UGA = stop.
  2. 5. The monomer of DNA and RNA; made of a phosphate group, a 5-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base.
  3. 7. The process where RNA polymerase reads a DNA template in the nucleus to produce mRNA.
  4. 10. Membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA and is the site of transcription.
  5. 11. The process where a ribosome reads mRNA codons and assembles amino acids into a polypeptide chain.
  6. 13. The monomer of proteins; 20 types joined by peptide bonds during translation.
  7. 14. The two-step process (Transcription + Translation) by which DNA instructions are used to build a protein.
  8. 15. Organelle made of rRNA and proteins; the site of translation in all cell types.
Down
  1. 1. Single-stranded RNA that carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome.
  2. 2. A chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds; folds into a functional protein after translation.
  3. 4. The process where DNA copies itself before cell division, using each strand as a template.
  4. 6. The rule that A pairs with T (or U in RNA) and G pairs with C, connected by hydrogen bonds.
  5. 8. The fluid-filled interior of the cell outside the nucleus; the site of translation and many metabolic processes.
  6. 9. Double-stranded molecule that stores genetic instructions, made of nucleotides with bases A, T, G, and C arranged in a double helix.
  7. 12. RNA molecule that carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome; its anticodon matches the mRNA codon.