DNA technology

2. a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
5. a dominant trait or gene
6. the addition of a base that codes for the same gene
9. the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment
11. the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.
13. relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents, i.e., when not masked by a dominant characteristic inherited from one parent.
14. having inherited the same versions (alleles) of a genomic marker from each biological parent.

1. the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA.
3. the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes.
4. the genetic makeup of an organism
5. a self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
7. an undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism which is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation.
8. having different alleles for a particular trait
10. a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring
12. the absence of a base