Dysphagia Tx Pt 2

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Across
  1. 5. aspiration and need to protect airway; structural abnormalities
  2. 7. ms, hnc, stroke, als, neurological/neurogenic diseases
  3. 11. what you stimulate in TTS with a chilled stimulator
  4. 15. for radiation-associated dysphagia; uses techniques incl. stretching, tissue mobilization, and joint manipulation
  5. 16. primarily HNC, has been shown to prevent contractile tension from scars, increase tissue and m. extensibility
  6. 17. to reduce the delay in the initiation of swallowing, primarily the pharyngeal phase; increase swallow speed and oral awareness
  7. 18. mechanically altered: cohesive, moist, semisolid foods; requires chewing ability
  8. 19. drink water between meals with thorough oral care; reduces risk of asp
  9. 20. regular: all foods allowed
Down
  1. 1. poor vocal quality, coughing, throat clearing, and/or multiple number of swallows
  2. 2. pureed: homogeneous, very cohesive, puddinglike; requires bolus control, no chewing required
  3. 3. neurological disorders (e.g., stroke, paralysis), and oropharyngeal cancers
  4. 4. help the swallow reflex and mvmt by stimulating oral cavity
  5. 6. each sip or bite is followed by a dry swallow to clear oral and pharyngeal residue to reduce likelihood of residual food particles entering airway
  6. 8. difficulty managing bolus due to a weak or uncoordinated tongue or a swallow reflex delay
  7. 9. alt btwn liquids and solids to compensate for pharyngeal weakness or poor UES; help clear food residue
  8. 10. generates electrical impulses to trigger m. contractions to strengthen particular muscles
  9. 12. neurogenic dysphagia, e.g., stroke, TBI, PD, motor neuron disease, myopathy; preterm infants (Ferrara et al., 2018)
  10. 13. respiratory strength training to improve swallowing function by targeting hyoid and larynx elevation and improvement in lung/pulm function
  11. 14. advanced: soft-solid foods that require more chewing ability