Early Humans and Mesopotamia

2. One of the first civilizations, located in southern Mesopotamia, known for writing and inventions.
3. A system for bringing water from rivers to farmland to help crops grow.
5. A city and the land around it that acts like its own country, with its own government and army.
8. A large area of land that is ruled by one leader or government and includes many peoples and cities.
10. To tame wild animals or grow wild plants so that they are useful to humans.
13. The preserved remains or impression of a plant or animal from a long time ago.
18. The world’s first writing system, developed by the Sumerians using wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets.
19. One of the two major rivers in Mesopotamia. It flows from Turkey through Iraq.
21. Made up of many parts or difficult to understand. Civilizations are complex societies.
22. A scientist who studies past people and cultures by digging up and examining artifacts and fossils.

1. People "Old Stone Age" people who hunted and gathered for food and used basic stone tools.
4. The use of tools, inventions, and techniques to solve problems and make life easier.
6. The region between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, known as the "Cradle of Civilization."
7. An advanced society with cities, government, religion, social classes, writing, and jobs.
9. A big, important change, like when people started farming.
11. An object made or used by humans in the past, like tools, pottery, weapons, or clothing.
12. People "New Stone Age" people who farmed, lived in permanent villages, and developed new technology.
14. A person trained to read and write. They kept records, wrote laws, and recorded trade.
15. A scientist who studies human beings and their cultures, both past and present.
16. A person who moves from place to place in search of food and shelter.
17. The second major river in Mesopotamia. Together with the Tigris, it made the land fertile.
20. A powerful city in Mesopotamia, later capital of an empire, known for Hammurabi’s Code.