Early Middle Ages

3. Invaders from Scandinavia who raided parts of Europe, including England and France, during the Middle Ages.
6. The wife of Emperor Justinian, known for her intelligence and influence in running the Byzantine Empire.
7. The capital of the Byzantine Empire, a wealthy city located between Europe and Asia.
11. A place where monks live and work, often preserving religious and classical texts.
12. King of the Franks who expanded his kingdom and was crowned Emperor of the Romans in 800 AD.
13. A magnificent church built in Constantinople during the Byzantine Empire, known for its massive dome and mosaics.
15. Religious men who devoted their lives to prayer and work, often living in monasteries.
16. A political empire in Central Europe, which sought to revive the Roman Empire’s greatness, starting with Otto I.
19. The five basic acts of worship required of Muslims, including prayer and pilgrimage to Mecca.

1. A simplified and organized set of laws created by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian.
2. A title for the political and religious leader of the Islamic world, meaning “successor” to Muhammad.
4. Writing rooms in monasteries where monks copied important religious and classical texts.
5. The period in European history from the fall of the Roman Empire to the Renaissance (500-1500 AD).
8. The capital city of Charlemagne’s empire, where he built schools and brought scholars to promote education.
9. A powerful Germanic kingdom in what is now France, led by kings like Clovis and Charlemagne.
10. The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which continued after the fall of Rome, with its capital at Constantinople.
12. The first King of the Franks to unite all the Frankish tribes under one ruler and convert to Christianity.
14. A religion founded by the prophet Muhammad, teaching belief in one God, Allah.
17. Nomadic warriors from Eastern Europe who invaded parts of Europe during the Middle Ages.
18. The head of the Roman Catholic Church, based in Rome, who has significant religious influence in Europe.