Vocabulary Review

Across

1. The deflection of moving fluids like air and water due to Earth’s rotation, affecting wind and ocean current directions.
3. A process in which deep, cold, nutrient-rich water rises to the surface.
8. An aquifer where water seeps from the ground surface directly above it.
9. The land drained by a river and its tributaries.
10. The theory that continents have moved over geological time and were once joined together in a single landmass.
12. A measure of the health of water based on physical, chemical, and biological characteristics.
13. Source Pollution that comes from a specific location, like a pipe.
16. A supercontinent that existed about 300 million years ago, which later split into the continents we have today.
20. Using resources in a way that meets today’s needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirsHydropower: Electricity generated from moving water.
26. Power generated by the movement of air using wind turbines.
27. Water that is clean and free from harmful contaminants; not necessarily drinkable but safe for other uses.
29. Gentle mixing to form larger clumps (flocs) from particles.
30. A coastal area where freshwater from rivers and streams mixes with saltwater from the ocean.
31. Energy from the sun, converted into heat or electricity.
32. Measures how acidic or basic water is.
36. Water found in oceans and seas that contains a high concentration of dissolved salts.
37. An increase in the average level of the world's oceans due to climate change and melting ice.
39. excessive growth of algae in water due to high nutrient levels, often leading to oxygen depletion.
40. A groundwater storage area trapped between two impermeable layers of rock or sediment.
44. A material that allows liquids or gases to pass through it.
45. Refers to the movement of ocean water driven by differences in temperature and salinity.
46. The development of industries in a region, often leading to environmental changes.
47. The amount of oxygen available in water; necessary for aquatic life.
48. Removes particles by passing water through filters.

Down

2. The cloudiness or haziness of water caused by large numbers of particles.
4. Nutrients that can cause water pollution and algal blooms in high amounts.
5. Affects how much oxygen water can hold and the health of aquatic life.
6. Energy released from splitting atoms, usually uranium, in a nuclear reactor.
7. The amount of salt dissolved in water.
11. A resource that takes millions of years to form and cannot be replaced quickly (e.g., coal, oil).
14. A system of deep ocean currents that circulate thermal energy and nutrients around the world.
15. Fuels Nonrenewable energy sources formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals (e.g., coal, oil, natural gas).
17. The careful use and protection of natural resources
18. The idea that the same geological processes shaping the Earth today have been at work throughout Earth’s history.
19. Electricity generated from moving water.
21. A mix of saltwater and freshwater, typically found in estuaries.
22. Water that is safe to drink.
23. A resource that can be replaced naturally in a short period (e.g., solar, wind, water).
24. Large masses of ice and snow that cover land and store most of the Earth's freshwater.
25. Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane).
26. A smaller area of land where all the water drains to a specific point (like a river or lake).
28. Kills remaining pathogens, usually with chlorine or UV light.
33. To restore or refill, like recharging an aquifer with water.
34. Water that fills the cracks and spaces in underground soil and rock layers.
35. Energy from heat inside the Earth.
38. Flocs settle to the bottom.
41. Source Pollution that comes from many diffuse sources, like runoff from fields.
42. Chemicals are added to water to bind particles together.
43. Water that has little or no salt content; found in rivers, lakes, streams, and underground.