earth systems

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Across
  1. 5. the thin outer layer of Earth that lies beneath the world's oceans,
  2. 6. form from compressed sediment or precipitated minerals,
  3. 7. a geological fault where two tectonic plates slide horizontally past each other, rather than moving toward or away from one another
  4. 9. a geological fault where two tectonic plates slide horizontally past each other, rather than moving toward or away from one another
  5. 12. an elastic wave in the earth produced by an earthquake or other means.
  6. 16. the upper layer of the earth's mantle, below the lithosphere, in which there is relatively low resistance to plastic flow and convection is thought to occur.
  7. 17. long narrow ditch
  8. 18. the cooling of magma or lava
  9. 19. a mass of stone or metal that has reached the earth from outer space
  10. 21. is the sudden shaking of the Earth's surface caused by the rapid release of stress built up in the crust.
  11. 22. Intermost layer of the earth
  12. 23. a region where Earth's lithosphere is being pulled apart, creating fractures and faults
  13. 25. The process by which one tectonic plate is forced underneath another into the Earth's mantle.
  14. 26. the first waves to arrive at a seismograph
  15. 27. a tectonic plate boundary where two plates move apart from each other, causing magma to rise to the surface to create new oceanic crust
  16. 29. a type of wave that travels along the surface or boundary between two different mediums
Down
  1. 1. the layer of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks that forms the geological continents and the areas of shallow seabed close to their shores, known as continental shelves.
  2. 2. the preserved remains, impressions, or traces of ancient living things, often over 10,000 years old, that provide scientists with evidence of past life and Earth's history
  3. 3. occurs when an atom loses one or a combination of particles.
  4. 4. the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
  5. 8. describes the processes and events related to the movement of molten rock (magma) from Earth's interior to the surface, leading to eruptions of lava, ash, gases, and creating volcanic landforms.
  6. 10. a thick layer of rock found inside a planet or other celestial body that lies between its crust and its core, making up the majority of its volume
  7. 11. heat-driven cycles that occur in the air, ocean, and mantle.
  8. 13. occurs when an atom loses one or a combination of particles.
  9. 14. the preserved remains, impressions, or traces of ancient living things, often over 10,000 years old, that provide scientists with evidence of past life and Earth's history
  10. 15. outermost layer of earth surface
  11. 20. the time elapsed since the oceanic crust was formed at mid-ocean ridges, a process determined by magnetic polarity patterns on the ocean floor
  12. 24. form when existing rocks are transformed by heat and pressure
  13. 28. a large, rigid slab of rock that forms part of Earth's outer shell, the lithosphere, which includes the crust and the uppermost mantle.