Earth's History Crossword

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Across
  1. 9. The layer of gases surrounding the Earth, held in place by gravity, and essential for life. It protects living organisms from harmful solar radiation and helps regulate temperature.
  2. 15. A semi-fluid layer of the Earth's mantle situated below the lithosphere. It allows tectonic plates to move due to its ductile nature.
  3. 16. All water naturally open to the atmosphere, such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and oceans.
  4. 17. A natural occurrence resulting from geological processes, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, or the formation of mountain ranges.
  5. 18. The breakdown of rocks, soil, and minerals through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, water, and biological organisms. It can be physical (mechanical), chemical, or biological.
  6. 19. Naturally occurring inorganic substances with a definite chemical composition and an ordered atomic structure. They are the building blocks of rocks.
  7. 21. The scientific theory explaining the movement of the Earth's lithospheric plates over the semi-fluid asthenosphere, leading to various geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and mountain formation.
  8. 23. The solid parts of the Earth, including the crust, mantle, and core. It encompasses all the rocks, minerals, and landforms on the planet.
Down
  1. 1. Natural processes that shape the Earth's structure and composition, including volcanic activity, erosion, sedimentation, and plate tectonics.
  2. 2. The rigid outer shell of the Earth, encompassing the crust and the uppermost portion of the mantle. It is divided into tectonic plates that move over the asthenosphere.
  3. 3. A type of tectonic plate boundary where two plates move towards each other, often resulting in mountain building, earthquakes, or subduction zones where one plate moves beneath another.
  4. 4. A type of plate boundary where two tectonic plates slide horizontally past one another, which can result in earthquakes.
  5. 5. Water located beneath the Earth's surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations. It is a significant source of drinking water and irrigation.
  6. 6. Severe or dangerous weather conditions, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, blizzards, or thunderstorms, that can pose risks to life and property.
  7. 7. The expulsion of magma, ash, and gases from a volcano, which can significantly impact the environment and human activities.
  8. 8. A natural event or phenomenon that has the potential to cause harm to humans, property, or the environment, such as earthquakes, floods, or hurricanes.
  9. 10. All the water on Earth's surface, including oceans, lakes, rivers, and glaciers, as well as groundwater and atmospheric water vapor.
  10. 11. A tectonic boundary where two plates move apart from each other, leading to the creation of new crust as magma rises from the mantle, commonly forming mid-ocean ridges.
  11. 12. An underwater mountain range formed by plate tectonics at divergent boundaries, where new oceanic crust is generated by volcanic activity.
  12. 13. The sudden shaking of the Earth's surface resulting from a release of energy in the crust due to tectonic movements or volcanic activity.
  13. 14. The process by which surface materials are worn away and transported by natural agents such as wind, water, or ice.
  14. 20. The edges where two tectonic plates meet. There are three main types: convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries, each associated with specific geological activities.
  15. 22. The arrangement of natural and artificial physical features of an area, including its terrain's shape, elevation, and the position of features.