Earths systems

4. tectonic plates move away from each other, usually forms new crust and rift valleys
5. the semi-fluid layer of the mantle where convection currents happen
10. hot material rises, cooler materials sink, it drives plate tectonics
11. rock formed when lava or magma cools and hardens
12. fractures or zones of weakness in the Earth's crust
16. large, rigid pieces of the Earth's lithosphere that move ad interact with each other along plate boundaries
17. a group of the same species living in the same area
18. tectonic plates move toward each other, usually forms mountains and volcanoes
20. includes the crust and upper part of the mantle, and is divided into tectonic plates
21. formed as a result of high temperature and pressure deep within earth changing a rock that already existed

1. extinction that occur over a longer time period
2. sudden events that led to a mass extinction
3. where tectonic plates SLIDE past each other. Causes earthquakes
6. name of the ancient super continent wen it was all one landmass
7. instruments used to measure and record seismic waves
8. new oceanic crust is formed as tectonic plates pull apart and magma rises
9. an opening in the Earth's crust through which molten rock is pushed out and creates new rock
13. deep, elongated depressions in the ocean, often associated with subduction zones
14. formed as plate boundaries usually when plates collide
15. located between the mantle and outer core
19. forms after weathering and erosion when sediments compact and cement