Ecology B

2. The zone of life on Earth; sum total of all ecosystems on Earth.
4. A system composed of organisms and nonliving components of an environment.
5. The total surroundings of an organism or a group of organisms.
6. A process in which energy changes from one form to another form while some of the energy is lost to the environment.
8. The artificial cultivation of food, fiber, and other goods by the systematic growing and harvesting of various organisms.
9. An organism associated with a water environment.
11. A large area or geographical region with distinct plant and animal groups adapted to that environment.
14. Chemical or physical factor that limits the existence, growth, abundance, or distribution of an individual organism or a population.

1. A series of predictable and orderly changes within an ecosystem over time.
2. The movement of abiotic factors between the living and nonliving components within ecosystems; also known as nutrient cycles (i.e., water cycle, carbon cycle, oxygen cycle, and nitrogen cycle).
3. A set of interacting or interdependent components, real or abstract, that form an integrated whole. An open system is able to interact with its environment. A closed system is isolated from its environment.
6. A term that describes an organism associated with a land environment.
7. The study of the relationships between organisms and their interactions with the environment.
10. Nonliving factor in an ecosystem.
12. A term that describes a living or once‐living organism in an ecosystem.
13. An area that provides an organism with its basic needs for survival.