Ecology Crossword #1

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Across
  1. 4. without oxygen
  2. 8. this element interferes with a plants ability to take up nutrients and is released by excessive H+ in the soil
  3. 10. process in which glycoproteins coat ice-seeds and prevent further formation of ice
  4. 11. the amount of mass in a certain volume, increases in cold water, decreases in hot water, increases in saltwater, decreases in freshwater
  5. 14. alternative forms of an enzyme that allow and organism to tolerate different conditions
  6. 15. encompasses acid rain and snowfall
  7. 17. membrane that allows certain ions and molecules to pass through while restricting others
  8. 21. adaptation in which the bloodstream flows the opposite way of the water (i.e. same way as a fish swims forward) to maximize passive uptake of oxygen through the gills
  9. 25. temperature at which an organism performs best and is based on the adaptations of the organism
  10. 26. a force of attraction between hydrogen and a negitive species
  11. 28. organisms use mechanisms to maintain a proper salt balance
  12. 31. wastewater released at temperatures too high to sustain life
  13. 34. when enzymes move past their maximum rate and become unfunctional as the temperature becomes too high
  14. 35. water with low solute concentration, 0MPa.
  15. 36. low pH can cause the loss of plant nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium from the soil
  16. 37. water resists changes in ______ as a change from 98°C to 99°C uses less energy than a change from 99°C to 100°C _______ depends on energy, pressure, elevation, dissolved compounds, etc.
  17. 39. a fish can use this to match the density of the water and control its floating or sinking
  18. 41. substances without charge, immiscible with water
  19. 42. an organism has a higher solute concentration than its environment, such as freshwater fish, water will try to enter the organism and solutes try to leave
  20. 43. in freshwater fish, water enters through the gills
  21. 44. ion formed by dissociation of carbonic acid to give CO3-2
Down
  1. 1. a ratio that compares physiological rates between temperatures 10°C apart
  2. 2. in saltwater fish, solutes leave the gills
  3. 3. thermal property of water that drops below 0°C when compounds are dissolved in it
  4. 4. in freshwater fish, solutes enter the gills
  5. 5. element that has low solubility in water and is very limited in environments without photosynthesis, enters through gills by diffusion into the bloodstream
  6. 6. in saltwater fish, water is lost through the gills
  7. 7. heat the amount of heat added in order to raise the temperature by 1°C
  8. 9. an atom or group of atoms that can be charged negatively or positively
  9. 12. the solute concentration is lower within the organism compared to its environment
  10. 13. the upper limit of minerals in water, increases in higher temperatures
  11. 16. acidic gases and particles that stick to vegetation and soil
  12. 18. a region of undisturbed air or water that surrounds a surface and slows diffusion rates
  13. 19. ion formed by dissociation of carbonic acid to give HCO3-1, allows CO2 to be stored in water until CO2 is used by plants, shifting the equalibrium so that H2O and CO2 are reformed
  14. 20. heat-loving, e.g. bacteria with proteins that form strong bonds tolerant to heat and denaturing
  15. 22. a measure of how an aqueous solution will attract evenmore water, decreases (negative) with a higher solute concentration and is measure in MPa.
  16. 23. water’s polar structure allows it to dissolve inorganic nutrients and makes them accessible to organisms
  17. 24. formed by the diffusion of CO2 in water, to give H2CO3
  18. 27. a process which requires energy to move ions or molecuels against their concentration gradient
  19. 29. an anti-freeze like chemical that organisms use to disrupt hydrogen bonds and prevent freezing of internal water
  20. 30. Water at 4°C is at its _________, which means that water near the bottom of bodies of water should be this temperature
  21. 32. sharks and rays may store this byproduct in their bloodstream to raise their osmotic potential closer to that of their environment
  22. 33. thermal property of water that rises when compounds are dissolved in it or lowers at higher elevation
  23. 38. resistance encountered by organisms moving through liquid, increases in cold water, decreases in warm water
  24. 40. an aquatic environment characterized by a low pH