Economics Chapter 2 Vocabulary
Across
- 3. Goods, such as tools or machinery, used to produce consumer goods.
- 7. The sacrifice of one resource or production choice for another.
- 10. The increase in the rate of extra outputs produced when all inputs used in production are increased and no inputs are held constant.
- 11. A mistaken belief that what is good for an individual is automatically good for everyone, or what is good for everyone is good for the individual.
- 13. The products produced by using resources or inputs such as land, labour, or capital.
- 15. The curve on a production possibilities graph representing the maximum numbers of two items that can be produced with a given amount of resources.
- 17. The eventual decline in the rate of extra outputs produced that occurs when one input used in production of the output is held constant and the others are increased.
- 18. The increase in the relative cost of producing more of item A, measured by the numbers of another item, B, that could be produced with the same resources.
Down
- 1. A mistaken belief that what occurs before some event is logically the cause of it.
- 2. A mistaken belief, based on oversimplification, that a particular event has one cause rather than several causes.
- 3. goods - Those goods or services that an economy produces to satisfy human needs.
- 4. A positive association between two variables where when one variable is increased the other variable also increases, and when one variable is decreased the other also decreases.
- 5. A negative association between two variables where when one variable is increased the other decreases, and when one variable is decreased the other increase.
- 6. A graphical representation of the production choices facing an economy.
- 8. As used in graphs, the point at which the vertical and horizontal axes meet.
- 9. The cost of producing one item, A, expressed in terms of the numbers of another item, B, which must be given up to produce A (that is, A’s opportunity cost).
- 12. he value or benefit that must be given up to achieve something else. For example, by choosing to produce item A, a business gives up the benefit that it could have gained from producing item B using the same resources.
- 14. A hypothesis that has been proven false but is still accepted by many people because it appears to be true.
- 16. A productive resource (such as land, labour, or capital) used to produce an output.