Electricity and Magnetism
Across
- 3. The common term for the difference in electrical potential energy between two points. (Example: The measure typically listed on household outlets, like 120 V or 240 V).
- 5. The SI unit for electrical resistance, named after a German physicist. (Example: Measured by the ratio of voltage to current, $R=V/I$).
- 9. The SI unit for potential difference (voltage), named after an Italian physicist. (Example: What is measured when you check the terminals of a battery with a multimeter).
- 12. The flow of electric charge that periodically reverses direction. (Example: The type of current supplied to homes and businesses by power companies).
- 13. The flow of electric charge that is constant and only moves in one direction. (Example: The type of current produced by a battery).
- 17. The act of producing an electrical effect (like charge or current) in a body by being near a magnetic field or charged object, without direct contact. (Example: How some stove tops heat a metal pot without heating the burner itself).
- 18. The two ends of a magnet where the magnetic force is strongest. (Example: They are always found in pairs, labeled North and South).
- 19. The space around a charged object where another charged object would experience a force. (Example: What causes dust particles to stick to a static-charged balloon).
- 20. A material through which electric charge does not flow easily. (Example: Glass, rubber, and pure water).
- 22. A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction. (Example: A large machine powered by steam or wind that feeds power into the electrical grid).
- 23. A material through which electric charge can flow easily due to the movement of free electrons. (Example: Metals like copper, silver, and gold).
Down
- 1. A region within a magnetic material in which the magnetization is in a uniform direction. (Example: When these regions are aligned, a material becomes a permanent magnet).
- 2. The process of creating an electric current in a circuit by changing a magnetic field. (Example: The core principle behind how a generator produces electricity).
- 4. A circuit in which there are multiple paths for the current to flow. (Example: The way household wiring is arranged, so turning off one light doesn't turn off all the others).
- 6. A temporary magnet created by wrapping a coil of wire around an iron core and running an electric current through it. (Example: Used in doorbells and loudspeakers).
- 7. A device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy by using the force between a magnetic field and an electric current. (Example: Used to power fans, pumps, and electric vehicles).
- 8. The area around a magnet where a force is exerted on other magnets or magnetic materials. (Example: What causes the needle of a compass to point North).
- 10. An electrical component designed to oppose or limit the flow of current. (Example: Used in a circuit to ensure that a sensitive component, like an LED, does not receive too much current).
- 11. A circuit in which the components are arranged end-to-end so that the current has only one path to follow. (Example: A string of older decorative lights where if one bulb burns out, the entire string goes dark).
- 12. The SI unit for electric current, equal to one Coulomb of charge passing a point per second. (Example: The rating often used to indicate the capacity of a circuit breaker).
- 14. The single value of resistance that could replace all the individual resistors in a circuit without changing the total current. (Example: Found by summing all resistances in a series circuit).
- 15. A device that increases or decreases the voltage of an Alternating Current. (Example: Used in power grids to change high-voltage transmission lines to lower, safer household voltage).
- 16. The difference in electric potential energy between two points in a circuit per unit of charge. (Example: Often referred to by the simpler term, 'voltage').
- 21. The rate at which electrical energy is transferred or consumed in a circuit, measured in Watts. (Example: A light bulb rated at 60 W is consuming this much energy per second).