Electricity Vocab

4. A passive electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field by accumulating opposite charges son two closely spaced conductive surfaces (plates) separated by an insulating material called a dielectric.
7. The amount of electric potential energy per unit charge at a specific point in an electric field.
10. The flow of electric charge passing through a given point at a rate of one coulomb per second (1A=1C/s).
12. The difference in electrical potential energy per unit charge between two points in an electrical circuit.
13. The attractive or repulsive interaction between two charged particles or objects.
14. An electrical circuit where components are connected across the same two points, creating multiple independent paths for current to flow.
17. A closed-loop path, composed of conductive materials (like wires), through which electric charge (electrons) can flow continuously.
18. an electric current that periodically reverses direction and continuously changes its magnitude with time, oscillating between positive and negative values.
19. A measure of the opposition a material or component presents to the flow of electric current.
20. The relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in an electrical circuit, stating that the current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across them, provided temperature remains constant.

1. The unidirectional flow of electric charge.
2. The rate at which electrical energy is transferred, consumed, or converted into other forms of energy (such as heat, light, or mechanical motion) within a circuit.
3. The net rate of flow of electric charge through a surface (such as a cross-section of a wire).
5. A material that allows electric charge—specifically electrons—to flow freely throughout its atomic structure with very little resistance.
6. Force that pushes charged electrons through a conducting loop, allowing them to perform work.
8. The International System of Units (SI) derived unit for electrical resistance, measuring how strongly a material opposes the flow of electric current.
9. An electrical circuit where all components are connected end-to-end in a single, continuous loop, providing only one path for current to flow.
11. The SI derived unit of electrical potential difference, electric potential, or electromotive force.
15. A fundamental, intrinsic property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.
16. A two-dimensional, abstract representation of a system—most commonly an electrical circuit—that uses standardized symbols rather than realistic pictures to show components and their interconnections.