Elements and Bonds
Across
- 2. a type of chemical bond formed when atoms share electron pairs
- 3. the smallest unit of an element that retains its properties
- 4. the layers around the nucleus where electrons are arranged
- 6. a chemical combination of different elements shown with symbols and subscripts
- 10. average mass of all an element’s isotopes, found on the periodic table
- 12. the tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond
- 14. positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom
- 16. scale from 0 to 14 that measures how acidic or basic a solution is
- 17. a weak bond between polar molecules involving a hydrogen atom
- 18. forms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
- 19. substances that reduce hydrogen ion concentration, often by releasing OH⁻
- 21. a homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved in another
- 24. tiny negatively charged particles orbiting the nucleus in energy levels
- 26. a bond with unequal sharing of electrons, creating slight charges
- 28. the total count of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus
- 30. negatively charged particles that make solutions more basic
Down
- 1. the outermost electron shell that determines chemical reactivity
- 3. one or two letters that represent a chemical element on the periodic table
- 5. tightness at the surface of a liquid caused by cohesive forces
- 7. anything that takes up space and has mass, found in all physical substances
- 8. the substances dissolved in a solution, like salt in saltwater
- 9. a bond formed between oppositely charged ions due to electron transfer
- 11. a bond where atoms share electrons equally with no charge difference
- 13. atoms or molecules with an electric charge from losing or gaining electrons
- 15. a substance that helps maintain a stable pH in a solution despite added acids or bases
- 20. substances that release hydrogen ions in solution, lowering pH
- 22. positively charged particles that increase the acidity of a solution
- 23. uncharged particles located in the atomic nucleus, add to atomic mass
- 25. two or more atoms bonded together, can be the same or different elements
- 27. equals the number of protons in an atom and identifies the element
- 29. attraction between molecules of different types, like water and glass