Elements & Principles of Design

2. Repetition of one or more elements within a visual format resulting in harmony.
6. Precision or simplicity; a principle of most good design work.
7. A solid body composing a solid form; also known as mass.
8. This is the “automatic principle”; offers variety within a visual format. Whenever an element is placed into a format, it contrasts with other elements in the same format in size, shape, color, or texture.
11. A 2-D or 3-D element defined by other elements of the design.
12. Using movement to create the visual illusion of displacement.
13. Tools used to format the elements of design.
16. The convergence of design elements that appear to be at a whole with equilibrium.
17. Oneness, harmony, completeness; also called Gestalt where all visual elements come together within a format to create a perfect whole.

1. The process of changing place, direction, or orientation. This is not animation, although animation is a product of movement added to other elements of design.
3. The relative lightness or darkness of an area measured in a graded scale from white to gray to black.
4. Create everything around us; without these ingredients, nothing can exist.
5. A technique of trying to replicate three-dimensional surfaces in 2-D design through various drawing or other media technique. In 3-D, it happens by touch or visual experience.
8. Also known as hue; involves the color spectrum.
9. Type or fonts; considered an element in the graphic design world. Although type itself consists of other elements of design, it becomes an element within the constraint of visual communication.
10. A point in motion with only one dimension – length. The variables of line are size, shape, position, direction, number, interval, and density.
14. Also known as dominance, this is the hierarchy of visual importance. One element takes precedence over others.
15. A 2-D or a 3-D element defined by other elements of design.