Eli Bailey B7

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Across
  1. 2. A period of rapid technological, social, and economic change, originating in Great Britain, that transitioned economies from agricultural-based, cottage industries to industrialized, factory-based mass production. This era transformed agrarian societies into industrialized, urban ones through mechanization and the factory system. (VIT 7)
  2. 3. The process of returning refugees, migrants, or displaced individuals back to their original home country of citizenship, often after a conflict or crisis. This often represents the final step in a migration cycle where voluntary or forced displacement is reversed. (IDK 2)
  3. 7. A standardized, intermodal shipping method using large steel containers to transport goods efficiently via ships, trains, and trucks, designed to be transferred without unpacking. This shipping method drastically lowers transportation costs and increased speed and security of shipping, allowing things to move faster and cheaper. (IDK 7)
  4. 8. A relatively large, densely populated settlement with a much larger population than rural towns and villages. They are hubs for commercial, governmental, and cultural activities. Cities house over half the global population and generate around 80% of economic output. Cities serve as prominent centers for education, healthcare, and formal jobs. (VIT 6)
  5. 9. Involves spreading opposition voters across multiple districts to dilate their voting power, with the goal to prevent them from forming a majority in any single district. This increases the difficulty for the opposing party to win a majority, therefore wasting their votes. (CC 4)
  6. 13. Government financial assistance given to businesses, primarily farmers, to encourage production, manage supply, and stabilise food prices. This reduces the farmer’s operational costs, boosting production, and therefore strengthening the economy. (IDK 5)
  7. 14. A computer-based framework for capturing, storing, managing, analyzing, and presenting data that is referenced to locations on Earth. This technology transforms raw data into actionable insights, revealing patterns, trends, and relationships, which creates better decision-making, efficiency, and problem-solving across different sectors of jobs. (CC 1)
  8. 15. The ability of an individual, firm, or country to produce a specific good or service at a lower opportunity cost than its trading partners. This boosts the global output of that specific good or service and influences trade patterns. (CC 7)
  9. 18. A rapidly growing, incorporated suburban city with over 100,000 residents that is not the core city of its metropolitan area. This area signifies the shift toward decentralized, car-dependent urban sprawl, creating new commercial nodes. (CC 6)
  10. 20. The process of blending two or more distinct cultures, often involving indigenous, African, and European influences, to create a new, hybrid culture. This term represents cultural hybridity and resistance, producing unique languages, music, and religious practices. (CC 3)
  11. 21. The blending of beliefs, practices, or cultural traits from two or more distinct traditions to create a new, unique cultural system. It is significant as a key result of cultural diffusion, migration, and globalization. (CC 3)
  12. 25. The death of children under the age of five, often measured as the number of deaths per 1,000 births. Similar to Infant Mortality Rate, this metric delivers critical indicators. Of a country’s development, health care quality, and sanitation to geographers and other experts across various fields of research.(CC 2)
  13. 26. A disease, condition, or organism that is consistently present and habituelle prévalent within a specific geographic area or population. This can cause a crash in the economy in areas where it relies on a single crop as an export or places where the crop grown is a rare commodity, like vanilla in Madagascar or Wasabi in Japan. (IDK 5)
  14. 27. This term explains the transformation of countries from high birth/death rates to low birth/death rates as they develop from pre-industrial to industrialized economic systems. This term is significant because it can predict how a country will progress and evolve due to previous unachievable technologies and socioeconomic changes. Like other vocabulary terms, his word is not only used in Unit 2 but most of other units throughout this course. (VIT 2)
  15. 29. A high-yield production system focused on maximizing output, both crops and livestock, per unit of land. This maximizes food output per unit of land, and is critical for feeding high-density populations. (CC 5)
  16. 30. The process of cleaning up, treating, or containing hazardous materials in abandoned or underused industrial/commercial land to make them safe for redevelopment. This promotes sustainable urban development, reducing sprawl, and creates economic growth. (IDK 6)
  17. 32. A distinct territorial body, a sovereign state, or a nation with its own government, administration, and, often defined borders. This term is significant because it is not only mentioned in AP HuG, but also other courses and throughout life in general. This term serves as the primary unit of global politics. (VIT 4)
  18. 33. The belief in and worship of a superhuman power or powers, especially a God or gods, and typically an organized effort. This concept has been significant for thousands of years and remains global today. It acts as a foundational source of meaning, moral framework, and source of hope for billions across the globe. Throughout history, this concept has acted as a justification for wars and atrocities worldwide. (VIT 3)
  19. 34. A concentrated, high-density commercial and business district located on the outskirts of a larger city, typically near major highway intersections. This area signifies a major shift to a post-industrial urban landscape, driven by suburbanization, car dependency, (CC 6)
Down
  1. 1. The number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1,000 births in a specific year and area. This metric is an indicator of a nation/region’s health, sanitation, socioeconomic development, and healthcare quality. (CC 2)
  2. 4. A country or region’s ability to produce goods/services more efficiently or at a lower opportunity cost than competitors, driven by unique resources, skills, or location. This shapes global patterns of production, determines trade relationships, and enables nations to gain wealth by specializing in industries where they have lower opportunity costs. (CC 7)
  3. 5. The planning, design, and maintenance of public systems, such as transportation, water, and green spaces, that intentionally distribute benefits and reduce risk burdens across all communities, particularly those historically marginalized. It is significant because it reduces inequality, creates economic mobility for low-income areas, boosts overall urban economic growth, and enhances social cohesion. (IDK 4)
  4. 6. A policy of advocating the restoration to a country of any territory formerly belonging to it. This term is crucial to know for understanding how nationalism creates regional instability, territorial disputes, and the erosion of international norms regarding borders. (IDK 4)
  5. 10. Where cultural markers, languages, or political influences overlap and blend, creating a distinct, mixed culture rather than a strict dividing line. These function as transitional areas where different political, economic, and cultural systems overlap. Unlike a boundary, which is an invisible line or barrier, these areas highlight the “imperfect” human activity, culture, and trade. (IDK 1)
  6. 11. A situation where a city’s tax revenues fail to keep pace with rising expenditures for services and infrastructure, causing financial strain. This term is significant because it forces city governments to cut services, raise taxes, or limit development, leading to urban decay. (IDK 6)
  7. 12. An economic policy designed to shield domestic industries from foreign competition by restricting imports through tariffs, quotas, and regulations. This policy protects local jobs and allows small industries to grow, but often results in higher consumer prices and reduced competition. (IDK 7)
  8. 16. The science, art, and practice of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock to provide food, fiber and other products. This concept is the foundation of human civilization, providing essential food security, rap materials, and livelihoods for billions, with over 1 billion people employed globally. (VIT 5)
  9. 17. A farming system focused on producing enough food to feed the farmer’s family, with little to no surplus for trade. This ensures local food security, sustaining rural livelihoods. (CC 5)
  10. 19. A scattered population with a common origin living outside their homeland. This shapes cultural globalization, spreads languages and religions, and has the positive side effect of showing people really great food like in various Chinatowns. (IDK 2)
  11. 22. Involves concentrating as many voters of the opposition party into a single district as possible, with the intention of wasting the opposition’s votes. By over-allocating opposing voters into one seat, the majority party reduces the overall electoral influence of that group, winning more seats overall. (CC 4)
  12. 23. Absolute location finding using space satellites and trigonometry, used to find most people/things on the Earth’s surface. This technology supports essential infrastructure, including air/maritime navigation, financial system synchronization, emergency services, agricultural efficiency, and personal location-based services, like Apple/Google Maps. (CC 1)
  13. 24. The process of adapting global products, ideas, or services to fit local cultures, markets, or tastes. This is especially a significant marketing tactic in consumer-driven areas to maximize profit and deliver what the niche population in certain areas find desirable. (IDK 3)
  14. 25. The study of how human societies adapt to, interact with, and modify their natural environments. This term explains how environmental factors shape cultural practices of people around the world and how, in turn, human activities create unique cultural landscapes. (IDK 1)
  15. 28. The process where religious institutions, beliefs, and practices lose social significance, often driven by modernisation, rationalisation, and the rise of science. This term is significant because it drives more science based inquiries and separates religion from public life, education, and government. (IDK 3)
  16. 31. A two dimensional flat representation of a geological area. These are not only used in unit 1 of AP HuG, but also throughout every unit. They are used to clearly give information and extend a multitude of knowledge to people analyzing them. (VIT 1)