Energy

2. Force acting over a distance
4. At constant pressure, a change in this equals the energy flow as heat
8. The SI unit of measurement for energy;
9. Fuels that consist of carbon-based molecules derived from decomposition of once-living organisms; coal, petroleum, or natural gas
10. A function used to keep track of the natural tendency for the components of the universe to become disordered; a measure of disorder and randomness
12. This law states energy can be converted from one form to another but can not be created nor destroyed
13. Energy due to the motion of an object (EX: a roller coaster is moving down the hill)
14. Refers to a process in which energy (as heat) flows from the surroundings into the system
16. The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one Celsius degree
17. The capacity to do work or to cause the flow of heat
18. A type of process that occurs in nature without outside intervention (it happens “on its own”)
19. The flow of energy due to a temperature difference

1. The warming effect exerted by certain molecules in the earth’s atmosphere (particularly carbon dioxide and water)
3. Energy due to the position or composition of matter (EX: a roller coaster is at the top of the roller coaster)
5. This law of thermodynamics states entropy of the universe is always increasing
6. The sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all particles in the system
7. The process where energy (as heat) flows out of the system into the surroundings
9. This law of thermodynamics states that the energy of the universe is constant
11. Measure of the random motions (average kinetic energy) of the components of a substance
12. A device used to determine the heat associated with a chemical or physical change
15. Everything outside of a system
16. That part of the universe on which attention is being focused
19. This law states the change in enthalpy in going from a given set of reactants to a given set of products does not depend on the number of steps in the reaction