Energy Vocabulary
Across
- 8. The boundary surrounding a black hole from which no light or matter can escape.
- 10. A powerful and luminous stellar explosion that occurs during the last evolutionary stages of a massive star.
- 11. The genetic makeup of an organism.
- 12. A reaction that requires the absorption of heat to proceed.
- 14. Atomic structure, the periodic table, and chemical reactions.
- 16. The ability of a solid, liquid, or gaseous chemical substance to dissolve in a solvent.
- 21. A chemical bond formed through the electrical attraction between oppositely charged ions.
- 23. The time taken for the radioactivity of a specified isotope to fall to half its original value.
- 24. A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat or light.
- 25. The physical appearance or visible traits of an organism
- 26. An object that orbits a planet or star (can be natural like the Moon or artificial).
- 29. A substance that is formed as the result of a chemical reaction.
- 32. A large, reddish star late in its life cycle that has expanded and cooled.
- 34. A group of atoms bonded together.
- 36. A substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a chemical reaction.
- 37. Gravity, the life cycle of stars, and the scale of the universe.
- 38. A giant cloud of dust and gas in space; often a "nursery" for new stars.
- 39. What stars like the Sun become after they have exhausted their nuclear fuel.
- 43. The fossil record, geologic time, and global climate change.
- 45. The process of determining an age on a specified chronology (often using Radiometric Dating).
- 51. The stage where a star spends most of its life, fusing hydrogen into helium.
- 52. The deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.
- 53. The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion.
- 55. The process by which humans use animal or plant breeding to selectively develop particular traits.
- 58. Structures Similar physical features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but serve different functions.
- 59. The measure of the brightness of a star or other celestial body.
- 61. Determining the age of an object in comparison to another (e.g., "this layer is older than that layer").
- 62. In undeformed stratigraphic sequences, the oldest strata will be at the bottom of the sequence.
- 63. A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell (creates gametes).
Down
- 1. The mass of an atom, roughly equivalent to the number of protons and neutrons.
- 2. A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus, carrying genetic information.
- 3. A tabular display of chemical elements organized by atomic number and properties.
- 4. Electromagnetic radiation left over from an early stage of the universe.
- 5. The formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.
- 6. An ancestor that two or more descendants have in common.
- 7. A system of chronological dating that relates geological strata to time.
- 9. A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
- 13. The formation of layers (strata) of sedimentary rock.
- 15. The displacement of spectral lines toward longer wavelengths in radiation from distant galaxies (evidence the universe is expanding).
- 17. Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
- 18. Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that determine its reactivity.
- 19. A measure of how acidic or basic a water-based solution is.
- 20. A scatter plot of stars showing the relationship between luminosity and temperature.
- 22. A long-term change in the average weather patterns that have come to define Earth’s local, regional, and global climates.
- 27. A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
- 28. The process in which carbon atoms continually travel from the atmosphere to the Earth and then back into the atmosphere.
- 30. A component of the universe whose presence is discerned from its gravitational attraction rather than its luminosity.
- 31. The process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
- 33. The trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere.
- 35. A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to variation in a population.
- 40. The molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life.
- 41. The range of light frequencies (visible and invisible) used to study the composition of stars.
- 42. The gradual movement of the continents across the earth's surface through geological time.
- 44. A core sample that is typically removed from an ice sheet or a high mountain glacier.
- 46. Igneous rock formed when magma forces its way through existing rock layers.
- 47. A fossil that is useful for dating and correlating the strata in which it is found.
- 48. A specific segment of DNA that codes for a particular trait.
- 49. A gap in the geologic record where rock layers have been lost due to erosion.
- 50. The force that governs the motion of objects in the solar system and keeps planets in orbit.
- 54. A trait that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce.
- 56. The basic unit of a chemical element, consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
- 57. Different forms of a gene.
- 60. A supercontinent that included all current landmasses before breaking apart.