Enthalpy

Across

4. A common measuring unit for amount of a substance in chemistry.
9. The sum of all relative atomic masses of individual elements within a chemical molecule.
12. The temperature at which a solid substance changes its state into liquid.
19. A state of matter in which the particles are closely packed, resulting in the strongest intermolecular forces and a fixed shape and volume.
20. The mixture between the solute and the solvent.
21. The process of turning a substance from liquid state to solid state.
24. A measuring parameter which is defined as molar amount of a substance per a volume unit. Unit of this parameter is typically mol L–1 or M.
27. The original concentrated solution which is used as a source to prepare other diluted solutions (Hint: starting with letter s).
30. The process of turning a substance (solid, liquid compound) into individual gaseous atoms.
33. The ratio that show how many times a solution has been diluted.
35. Every other part of the universe around the system.
37. The temperature at which a liquid substance changes its state into gas.
39. The actual yield of product from a chemical reaction, which is obtained from experimental measurement.
40. A type of reaction in which energy is absorbed into the system from the surroundings (∆H > 0).
41. The highest point on the energy profile diagram.

Down

1. The anticipated yield of product from a chemical reaction, which is obtained from theoretical calculation, rather than from experimental measurement.
2. The process of turning a substance from liquid state to gas state.
3. the process of turning a substance from gas state to liquid state.
5. The amount of product produced at the end of a chemical reaction.
6. The substance that is dissolved into a solvent to produce a solution.
7. The process of turning a substance from solid state to liquid state.
8. The average energy to break one mole of a specific type of bond in a gaseous molecule.
10. The minimal amount of energy required to activate the reactants to initiate a reaction.
11. The reactant that is completed used up first in a chemical reaction is called _________ reactant? (Hint: starting with letter l).
13. The process of turning a substance from solid state to gas state without passing through liquid state.
14. The substance that can dissolve other substances to produce a solution.
15. The process of burning a chemical substance in presence of oxygen gas (Hint: starting with letter c).
16. A state of matter in which particles are far apart and move randomly, resulting in minimal intermolecular forces and neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume.
17. A quantitative technique to measure heat change that occur during a physical or chemical process. This is done by using a calorimeter.
18. The process of turning a substance from gas state to solid state without passing through liquid state.
22. Heat content within a system. Symbol is H.
23. The numbers placed in front of chemical formulas in a balanced equation. These numbers indicate the compositional ratio of all the species involved in the reaction.
25. A type of reaction in which energy is released from the system into the surroundings (∆H < 0).
26. Another similar term for “deposition”.
28. 6.022×1023 is also known as the _________’s constant.
29. The action of making the concentration of a solution lower.
31. A specific part of the universe that is being measured or considered.
32. A state of matter in which particles are close together but can slide past one another, resulting in moderate intermolecular forces and a definite volume but with no fixed shape.
34. The mass of one mole of substance.
36. The study of quantitative relationships between reactants and products within chemical reactions (Hint: starting with letter s).
38. The reactant that is used in excessive amount in a chemical reaction is called _________ reactant? (Hint: starting with letter e).