ESS A Final Exam 2022

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Across
  1. 2. What does a light year measure?
  2. 4. The visible surface of the sun is called the ___.
  3. 7. What cloud of gas and dust are stars born in?
  4. 8. It takes 8 minutes for __ to reach us from the sun.
  5. 11. The E-W axis of a government land survey is called the ___.
  6. 12. Galileo's discovery that ___has phases was important because it provided evidence that ___ orbits the sun.
  7. 14. solar ___ originate in the photosphere and coronal mass ejections originate in the sun's corona.
  8. 15. The solar _____ is a constant outflow of high energy charged particles from the sun.
  9. 16. Galilean moons of _____.
  10. 17. What NASA mission was your school involved in? This mission used satellites and ground stations to track changes in Earth’s magnetic field during auroral substorms.
  11. 19. What is the name of the line passing through Greenwich, England that marks 0 degrees longitude?
  12. 20. What rocket/rocket system is similar to the one that will be used in the Artemis missions?
  13. 22. What is the name of the line that divides the Earth into north and south hemispheres and marks 0 degrees latitude?
  14. 23. Visible light is only a small part of the electromagnetic ___.
  15. 24. On a topographic map, contour lines that form a circle indicate a(n) ____.
  16. 25. The coolest stars are this color.
  17. 26. What do you call the north-south running lines on a globe that show your longitude?
  18. 29. 300,000,000 meters per second is the speed of ___.
  19. 31. Sunspots appear darker than the rest of the sun because they are cooler.
  20. 32. If you know a planet's orbital ___ you can determine its distance from the sun.
  21. 34. Water ice is found almost everywhere on the surface of the ___.
  22. 37. Stars are classified by their color and ___ on the HR Diagram
  23. 38. What “return to the moon” mission by NASA is preparing to send astronauts back to the moon in the near future?
  24. 39. What do you call the east-west running lines that circle the globe and mark your latitude?
  25. 40. The N-S axis of a government land survey establishing an initial point is called the ___ ___.
  26. 41. Energy production in a star takes place in the _____.
  27. 42. The first evidence that objects could orbit something besides Earth came from observations of
  28. 43. A _____ hole is an opening in the sun's magnetic field that allows more charged particles to stream away in the solar wind.
Down
  1. 1. What type of instrument is used to measure changes in the Earth’s geomagnetic field?
  2. 3. The ___ zone carries energy from the radiative zone to the photosphere of the sun by huge convection currents.
  3. 5. difference in elevation between one contour line and the next
  4. 6. A proposed space station that will be in lunar orbit and support missions to the moon’s surface.
  5. 9. The closest star to Earth, other than the sun, is called ___ centauri
  6. 10. In the rectangular government survey townships and sections are located with respect to the ___ and principal meridian.
  7. 13. A ___ can tell us the temperature, composition, and whether a star is moving towards us or away from us.
  8. 17. ___ are divided into 36 sections
  9. 18. What is the name of the rocket that will take us back to the moon?
  10. 21. The energy emitted by stars is in the form of ____ radiation.
  11. 22. What is the term that describes a specific location’s height above sea level?
  12. 27. The sun will never blow up as a _____.
  13. 28. In the _____ model of the universe objects in the sky are making circular orbits around the Earth
  14. 30. What type of map allows us to see changes in surface elevation in an area?
  15. 33. The sun produces energy in its core by nuclear ___ of hydrogen into helium.
  16. 35. Kp should be 5 or higher for ___ to be possible in our night skies here in mid-Michigan.
  17. 36. The _____ model of the solar system was described by Copernicus and supported by Galileo