Essentials of Ecology

12345678910111213141516171819202122232425
Across
  1. 2. Provides educational and clinical services that help couples choose how many children to have and when to have them.
  2. 5. A perennial plant that grows in wetlands in parts of Europe.
  3. 6. The process whereby earth’s life changes over time through changes in the genes of populations
  4. 10. A contiguous area of habitat is reduced in area and divided into smaller, more scattered, and isolated patches, or habitat islands. This process can decrease tree populations in forests (Science Focus, at right), block migration routes, and divide populations of a species into smaller and more isolated groups that are more vulnerable to predators, competitor species, disease, and catastrophic events such as storms and fires
  5. 12. Annual precipitation is low and often scattered unevenly throughout the year.
  6. 13. Occurs when two or more processes interact so that the combined effect is greater than the sum of their separate effects.
  7. 19. A few producers, mostly specialized bacteria, can convert simple inorganic compounds from their environment into more complex nutrient compounds without using sunlight.
  8. 20. Is a measure of an energy source’s capacity to do useful work
  9. 23. The loss of moisture from the landscape and the resulting semiarid or arid conditions on the leeward side of high mountains.
  10. 24. Study of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
  11. 25. Occurs when too many animals graze for too long and exceed the carrying capacity of a rangeland area
Down
  1. 1. It occurs when species competing for similar scarce resources evolve specialized traits that allow them to use shared resources at different times, in different ways, or in different places
  2. 3. A fear of many forms of wildlife.
  3. 4. Is a study of how these characteristics of populations change in response to changes in environmental conditions.
  4. 7. Which enables individuals with the trait to leave more offspring than other members of the population leave
  5. 8. Some decomposers get the energy they need by breaking down glucose (or other organic compounds) in the absence of oxygen.
  6. 9. Is the ability of the earth’s various natural systems and human cultural systems and economies to survive and adapt to changing environmental conditions indefinitely.
  7. 11. Study of how organisms interact with one another and with their nonliving environment.
  8. 14. Study of moral values and concepts concerning right and wrong human behavior and responsibilities.
  9. 15. Consists of bottom dwellers such as oysters, which anchor themselves to one spot; clams and worms, which burrow into the sand or mud; and lobsters and crabs, which walk about on the sea floor.
  10. 16. Is the temporary or permanent removal of large expanses of forest for agriculture, settlements, or other uses.
  11. 17. Are large natural bodies of standing freshwater formed when precipitation, runoff, or groundwater seepage fills depressions in the earth’s surface
  12. 18. Energy from the sun.
  13. 21. Is defined as the area of ocean needed to sustain the consumption of an average person, a nation, or the world.
  14. 22. The movement of people into (immigration) and out of (emigration) specific geographic areas.